Abstract: Objective    To compare the clinical characteristics of children hospitalized for acute asthma exacerbations during the COVID-19 pandemic with those hospitalized in the previous year，and to explore the impact of the disease outbreak on disease control in children with asthma. Methods    A retrospective study was conducted on 225 children hospitalized for acute asthma exacerbations at Tianjin Children's Hospital from January 1，2019 to December 31，2020. The study analyzed their general information，clinical manifestations，laboratory tests，imaging findings，and follow-up data. The patients hospitalized in 2020 were assigned to Group A，while those hospitalized in 2019 were assigned to Group B. Results    Group A comprised 124 patients，and Group B comprised 101 patients. The average age at admission was 5 years in both groups，and the peak season for exacerbations was autumn in both groups. There were statistical differences between the two groups in duration of hospital stay （P=0.002），hospitalization costs （P<0.001），the rate of systemic corticosteroid use （P<0.001），the pathogen detection rate （P=0.029），and the proportion of patients with concomitant pneumonia （P=0.009）. Both groups had a lower proportion of patients readmitted within one year during regular follow-up （P=0.018，P=0.045）. Conclusion    During the COVID-19 pandemic，a higher number of patients were hospitalized for acute asthma exacerbations，with longer duration of hospitalization，higher costs，and increased use of systemic corticosteroids. However，the pathogen detection rate decreased compared to that before the pandemic. Regular follow-up can reduce the probability of readmission for asthma in children.

Key words: COVID-19, acute asthma exacerba-tions, child

摘要： 目的    比较不同年份新型冠状病毒流行期间因哮喘急性发作住院患儿的临床特征，探讨疾病大流行对哮喘患儿疾病控制的影响。方法    选取了2019年1月1日至2020年12月31日天津市儿童医院因哮喘急性发作而收治住院的225例患儿，以2020年住院患儿为A组，以2019年住院患儿为B组。对两组患儿一般情况、临床表现、实验室检查、影像学及随访情况等进行回顾性研究。结果    A组患儿124例，B组患儿101例，平均就诊年龄均为5岁，发病季节均以秋季为主，A组、B组患儿在住院天数（P=0.002），住院费用（P<0.001），全身糖皮质激素的使用率（P<0.001），病原学的检出率（P=0.029），合并肺炎的比例（P=0.009）方面差异有统计学意义。A、B两组中规律随访的患儿1年内再入院的比例均更低（P值分别0.018、0.045）。结论    新型冠状病毒流行期间因哮喘急性发作住院的患儿人数更多，天数更长，费用更高，全身糖皮质激素的使用率也更高，但病原学的检出率较疫情前有所下降。规律随访可降低哮喘患儿再次住院概率。

关键词: 新型冠状病毒感染, 哮喘急性发作, 儿童