Abstract:

Anatomy of perirectal space and pelvic floor        HU Xiang. Department of General Surgery，the First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University，Dalian 116011，China
Abstract    Delicate surgery of rectum and anal canal and understanding of local anatomy are essential to ensure radical treatment and preservation of complete genitourinary organ function. The basic structure of rectum and anal canal，perirectal space，fascial layer and pelvic floor anatomy are essential to provide useful local anatomy knowledge for the choice of surgical approach，dissection level，complete TME，safe lateral lymph node dissection and protective effect of nerve.  

Key words: rectum, canal, fascia, anatomy, surgery

摘要：

在直肠肛管手术中，为了达到根治性和保存完整的泌尿生殖器官功能，对局部解剖的理解极为重要。掌握直肠肛管的基本结构、直肠周围间隙、筋膜层次和盆底解剖，有助于选择手术入路和剥离层面，达到规范的全直肠系膜切除（TME）、侧方淋巴结清扫及神经保护等。

关键词: 直肠, 肛管, 筋膜, 解剖, 手术