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15 May 2014, Volume 7 Issue 5 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Doctor-patient communication in oral health care. HAN Liang 2014, 7(5): 257-260.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (954KB) ( )   Abstract：The doctor-patient communication is very important in oral health care. This paper discuss the communication principies，contents and the skills. recommends the expand the range and channel of current doctor-patient communication，and it helps to improve doctor—patient communication are provided for medical staff，patients，hospital and medical education.

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The effect of residency training in oral general practitioner culture.        XIE Hong 2014, 7(5): 261-263.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (988KB) ( )   Oral general practitioner is the principal part of oral health care in Liaoning Province. Residency training should aim at cultivating oral general practitioners. Department of stomatology in general hospital should establish some lines of thinking about oral general management and become the cultivating center of oral general practitioners. It is of great and far-reaching significance to  carry on the program of standardization training of residents in strengthening the oral medical personnel training in China.

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Dental implant and orthodontic treatment. PENG Cheng 2014, 7(5): 263-266.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (1019KB) ( )   Abstract：Currently，dental implantation has become a commonly used prosthodontic method in clinics，but many complex conditions may be present in patients requiring dental implants. For instance，simple implant-supported prosthodontic procedure is often difficult to achieve desirable therapeutic outcome in patients with varying degrees of malocclusion，frequently requiring the involvement of orthodontists and other specialists. On the contrary，the premature loss of molars，congenital absence of permanent teeth and other challenges during orthodontic treatment also require dental implantation to obtain satisfactory results. In fact，the combination treatment involving multiple stomatologic disciplines has now become an emerging trend. For some patients with dentition defects，the implementation of late-stage orthodontic treatment oriented by implant-based restoration is becoming a consensus. In the meantime，it is not uncommon to employ the implant technologies to help complete the orthodontic treatment. This article elaborated on the characteristics，advantages and related aspects of implant-orthodontic combination treatment to provide the referential experience for the clinical treatment of some complex cases.

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The role of third molar in oral treatment. KE Jie，WU Qian-qian，ZHOU Wei-qun，FAN Xing-xing，ZHAO Gui-zhi 2014, 7(5): 266-270.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (3940KB) ( )   Abstract：The third molar plays an important role when the first or second molar has severe lesions in dental treatment. We extracted the first or second molars which had severe lesions. Then through orthodontic treament，a total of 55 third molars in 29 cases impacted in different degrees were moved to fit in the dentition in order to play its role in chewing. The result showed that all the 55 impacted third molars were successfully fitted in the dentition，occlusion established，and the dentition completeness and occlusion function were recovered to the largest extent.

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Influence of different selenium concentration on caries susceptibility of rat tooth in vitro.        JIA Jing-meng*，CHENG Min，LI Wen-juan，TONG Hui-yan，ZHANG Ying 2014, 7(5): 271-274.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (1695KB) ( )   Objective    To observe the demineralization of different selenium level on rat tooth and investigate the relationship between selenium concentration and caries susceptibility. Methods    From August to October of 2013，12 pregnant Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups according to body weight after pregnancy. They were respectively fed with 0 mg/kg，0.015 mg/kg，0.15 mg/kg and 1.5 mg/kg selenium diet until 21 days after parturition. Then the offspring were fed with selenium diet as well as the female rats. The filial rats were killed at postnatal day 44. Their mandibular posterior teeth were cut and they were dipped into an artificial caries solution. Then their demineralization was examined by enhanced visual methods，DIAGNOdent and confocal laser scanning microscope（CLSM）. Results    There was significant difference among four groups in degree of demineralization（P＜0.05）. All the three methods showed the degree of demineralization became more serious with an increasing selenium concentration，but the demineralization of low selenium group was obviously lower than that of control group. Conclusion    Different selenium intake can have an influence on caries susceptibility during developmental stage. High level of selenium may imply an increased risk of caries while low level of selenium may decrease caries incidence.

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Clinical study of extraction of lower impacted wisdom teeth using minimally invasive tooth extraction. LIN Yong，CHANG Xian-ting，ZHANG Jian-cheng，ZHANG Wei-dong 2014, 7(5): 274-278.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (999KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To study the feasibility of extraction of lower impacted wisdom teeth using minimally invasive instruments. Methods Three hundred teeth with lower impacted wisdom teeth were randomly divided into two groups. One hundred and fifty teeth in the experimental group were extracted with minimally invasive instruments，while 150 teeth in the control group were extracted with routine instruments. The operation time，intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded to assess the effects of the methods. Student's T test and Chi-square test in SPSS13.0 software package were used for statistical anslysis. Results The operation time of the experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the control group（P＜0.05），the intraoperative and postoperative complications incidence rate of the experimental group was markedly lower than the routine tooth extraction in the extraction of lower impacted wisdom teeth. Conclusion Minimally invasive tooth extraction applied in extraction of lower impacted wisdom teeth can efficiently reduce complications of operation and postoperation. Therefore，minimally invasive tooth extraction is recommendable.

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Anterior teeth traction in the patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate after bone grafting. LI Wei，WU Ping，LI Lin，LIU Lin，ZHENG Yan-qing 2014, 7(5): 279-282.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (2173KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To evaluate the effects of impacted anterior teeth traction in the patients with complete unilateral cleft lip and palate（UCLP）after bone grafting and to investigate the associated causes of success or failure. Methods Eight patients with UCLP（5 males and 3 females）who had received successful secondary alveolar bone grafting in mixed dentition were included，mean age （10.5 ± 2.6） y（ranging from 9 ~ 14yrs）.The lateral incisor was impacted in 2 patients，and canines were impacted in 6 patients. Orthodontic traction was applied after space openning and closed surgical exposure. Results Six cases were successful treated with an average treatment time of （22.5 ± 4.5）months and traction time（from surgical exposure to gingival eruption）（6.5 ± 3.5） months. The traction teeth were aligned well with adjacent teeth，while the gingival morphology was not so aesthetic compared with that of homonymous normal teeth. Another 2 cases（one lateral incisor，the other canine）failed to erupt by traction. Conclusion The orthodontic traction should be applied on time for those impacted anterior teeth in patients with UCLP after bone grafting. The success of traction is closely related to the timing of bone grafting，the success rate of bone grafting，the eruption angle of impacted canine，the position of impacted canine with adjacent teeth，and the surgical exposure technique.

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Effect of dentin conditioners on the microtensile bond strength of laser-irradiated dentin. LI Yang，JIA Xing-ya，DU Jian-nan 2014, 7(5): 283-286.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (1072KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To evaluate the effect of dentin treatments on the microtensile bond strength and morphology of Er，Cr∶YSGG laser-irradiated dentin. Methods Eight freshly extracted human premolars and twenty third molars were used. Occlusal flat dentin surface was processed with Er，Cr∶YSGG laser.The premolars and the third molars were randomly assigned to four groups respectively according to the following conditioners：no treatment（G1），37% phosphoric acid（G2），self-etch adhesive（G3）or 0.5 mol/L EDTA（G4）. We evaluated the morphology of conditioned surfaces in premolars with scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Conditioned surfaces of the third molars were then bonded with either Adper easy bond or Adper Single Bond 2 followed by resin composite（Z350）build-ups constructed incrementally. Then they were cut into dumbbell-shaped specimens for the microtensile bond strength test. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Results SEM showed that laser-irradiated dentin left no smear layer and the dentinal tubules were open and irregular. The surfaces with phosphoric acid were most regular，and there were less change with self-etch adhesive or EDTA. All surface treatment statistically increased the mean microtensile bond strength values（P＜0.05）.However，phosphoric acid treatment significantly demonstrated the highest bond strength values（P＜0.05）and there were statistically similar microtensile bond strength between G3 and G4（P＞0.05）. Conclusion The three dentin treatments improve the microtensile bond strength of Er，Cr∶YSGG laser-irradiated dentin，and 37% phosphoric acid treatment has best short-term effect in bonding to laser-irradiated dentin.

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Hedyotis Difusa Injection in restraining the general proliferation of tongue squamous cell carcinoma TCA8113 and its effect on RAS/RAF pathway. WANG Yu-long，LI Shan-chang，YAN Lei，ZHU Yang，ZHAO Yan-yu，LI Jing-jing 2014, 7(5): 287-289.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (1061KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To discuss the effect of Hedyotis Difusa Injection（HDI） on tongue squamous cell carcinoma TCA8113 and its effect on RAS/RAF signal pathway factor. Methods MTT was used to detect the survival rate in tongue squamous cell carcinoma TCA8113 after being affected by different concentrations of HDI，and detect the expression and variation of the key RAS/RAF signal pathway factor protein by using western blot detection method. Results After the HDI intervening the tongue squamous cell carcinoma，MTT showed that HDI could restrain the general proliferation of TCA8113 observably and had a concentration reliance（P＜0.05）.The key RAS/RAF signal pathway factor expression was concentration-dependent. Conclusion HDI can restrain the general proliferation of tongue squamous cell carcinoma TCA8113 and the signal transition of the RAS/RAF path way，thus plays its antineoplastic role.

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The expression of C-erbB-2 protein，gene amplification and its clinical significance in oral squamous cell carcinoma（OSCC）. DENG Wei，XIE Hong，SUN Xiao-ju 2014, 7(5): 290-293.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (1379KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To investigate the expression of C-erbB-2 protein and gene amplification in OSCC and to evaluate C-erbB-2 in OSCC occurrence，development and prognosis. Methods Use immunohistochemical SP method and in situ chemical hybridization （FISH）to detect expression of C-erbB-2 protein and gene amplification in 60 cases of OSCC and 30 cases of normal oral mucosa in paraffin-embedded tissue chip material. Results The positive rate of C-erbB-2 expression in OSCC and normal oral mucosa tissues was 31.7% and 3.33% respectively. The positive rate of C-erbB-2 gene amplification was 28.3% and 0.There were significant differences between OSCC and oral mucosa tissues in the expression and amplification of C-erbB-2.The expression and amplification of C-erbB-2 in OSCC had no correlation with age，gender or tumor differentiation degree of patients（P > 0.05），but were correlated with the lymph node metastasis，distant metastasis and clinical stage（P < 0.05）.Conclusion C-erbB-2 is closely related to the occurrence and development of OSCC，and can be considered as an important index for determing the biological behavior of OSCC.

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Expression and distribution of metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 in dental pulp. WANG Bao-chun*，ZHANG Yu-hui，WANG Duo 2014, 7(5): 294-296.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (1574KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To investigate expression and distribution of metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR5 in human dental pulp. Methods Human premolars and third molars（n = 5） that were extracted for orthodontic or other treatment from patients at the Department of Oral Surgery，Shandong University Oral Hospital，were collected. The expression and distribution mGluR5 in human normal pulp were determined by immunohistochemistry. Digital image processing was used to analyse the expression of mGluR5. Results The expression of mGluR5 was positive in the whole normal pulp，while the expression of mGluR5 was significantly weaker from cornal，cervical portion to root of normal pulp in turn. Conclusion The expression and distribution differences of mGluR5 in pulp suggest that it may play an important role in transduction of pulp nociceptive signals.

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The efficacy analysis of Vitapex applied to non-surgical treatment for periapical cyst. CHEN Ji，LI Chun-fei，ZHU Jie 2014, 7(5): 297-299.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (1018KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To discuss the application of Vitapex paste to non-surgical treatment for periapical cyst. Methods Ten patients（a total of 19 teeth）who had been diagnosed with periapical cyst were chosen. Finish the preparation and sterilized root canal after adequate drainage，then seal the root cannal with Vitapex paste and inject Vitapex into the cyst through apical foramen.If the lesion became smaller or the bone mineral density increased，perform the root canal filling perfectly.The reaction after 6 ~ 12 months was observed by X-ray. Results Except one case（1 tooth） of withdrawal due to personal reason and one case of failure（2 teeth），8 cases from 10 patients（16 teeth）were effectively recovered by this treatment. The effective rate was 88.9%. Conclusion Vitapex paste plus root canal sealing can be applied to non-surgical treatment for periapical cyst.

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The prognostic factors of autogenous tooth transplantation. BAI Lu，LIU Yi. Fengtian Dental Clinic，School of Stomatology，China Medical University，Shenyang 110013，China 2014, 7(5): 304-307.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (955KB) ( )   Abstract：The research of autogenous tooth transplantation has been started for hundreds of years，and has achieved higher survival rate. Compared to other treatments for individual teeth missing or dysplasia，the application of autogenous tooth transplantation becomes more prevalent because of its biological activity. Recognizing the prognostic factors of autogenous tooth transplantation will contribute to its wider range of applications in clinical.

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Research on the application of cone beam CT in the detection of root resorption. ZHOU Peng，HU Jiang-tian 2014, 7(5): 308-311.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.016 Abstract ( )   PDF (1572KB) ( )   Abstract：The root resorption during orthodontic treatment is one of the most sensitive issues；methods of clinical detection of root resorption mainly depend on X-ray examination. Cone beam CT， a new technology of image，has developed rapidly in recent years，and its application provides a three-dimensional image of orthodontics and makes up the shortage of traditional 2D image，more conducive to the clinical diagnosis of root resorption.

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The research progress of the effect of tooth bleaching drugs on tooth tissues. ZENG Can，HOU Yan-fen. *Department of Stomatology，the Third Affiliated Wuxi Hospital，Nantong University，Wuxi，214041，China 2014, 7(5): 311-314.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.017 Abstract ( )   PDF (952KB) ( )   Abstract：The cosmetic repair of discolored teeth was one of the problems that were often met in clinic. The treatment of discolored teeth included bleaching，micro-polished enamel technique，veneer and full crown. The preferred treatment and conservative method of discolored teeth was bleaching drugs. Previous study showed that high-concentration of tooth bleaching drugs had influence on tooth tissues，including surface morphology，chemical composition，microhardness and resistance of enamel， and even stimulated pulp. This paper provides a brief review of bleaching drugs on the effect of tooth tissues.

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Research progress of root canal retreatment. ZHONG Dong-qing，XIONG Shi-jiang 2014, 7(5): 315-318.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.05.018 Abstract ( )   PDF (976KB) ( )   Abstract：Root canal therapy is the most effective treatment for endodontics and periapical disease. With the development and application of the new dental technology and material， the success rates for root canal treatment rise continually，however，failure cases still occur. Therefore，root canal retreatment becomes an effective way to increase the conservative rate of the teeth. In this review，we summarized the factors of endodontic failure and the common methods for root canal treatment.