Abstract:

Abstract：Objective To study the feasibility of extraction of lower impacted wisdom teeth using minimally invasive instruments. Methods Three hundred teeth with lower impacted wisdom teeth were randomly divided into two groups. One hundred and fifty teeth in the experimental group were extracted with minimally invasive instruments，while 150 teeth in the control group were extracted with routine instruments. The operation time，intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded to assess the effects of the methods. Student's T test and Chi-square test in SPSS13.0 software package were used for statistical anslysis. Results The operation time of the experimental group was significantly shorter than that of the control group（P＜0.05），the intraoperative and postoperative complications incidence rate of the experimental group was markedly lower than the routine tooth extraction in the extraction of lower impacted wisdom teeth. Conclusion Minimally invasive tooth extraction applied in extraction of lower impacted wisdom teeth can efficiently reduce complications of operation and postoperation. Therefore，minimally invasive tooth extraction is recommendable.

Key words: lower impacted wisdom teeth, tooth extraction, minimally invasive tooth extraction, routine tooth extraction

摘要：

目的 比较微创拔牙技术与传统凿骨劈冠法拔除下颌低位埋伏阻生智齿的临床疗效。方法 选择2012年8月至2013年10月河南省濮阳市油田总医院口腔颌面外科门诊300例下颌低位埋伏阻生智齿患者，按就诊顺序分为微创组与锤凿组各150例。微创组采用微创拔牙器械及微创拔牙技术拔除下颌低位埋伏阻生智齿；锤凿组采用传统的拔牙器械及凿骨劈冠法拔除下颌低位埋伏阻生智齿。对两组手术时间及术中、术后并发症进行比较观察和统计学分析。结果 微创组手术时间［（18.0 ± 6.3）min］比锤凿组［（37.0 ± 8.2）min］显著缩短，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；微创组术后疼痛、肿胀、张口受限、干槽症等并发症发生率明显低于锤凿组，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。结论 使用微创拔牙技术拔除下颌低位埋伏阻生智齿，手术时间短，创伤小，可明显减少术后并发症，临床疗效优于传统凿骨劈冠拔除法。

关键词: 低位阻生智齿, 牙拔除术, 微创拔牙法, 锤挺法