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15 December 2012, Volume 5 Issue 12 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The relationship between nonresolving inflammation and oral squamous cell carcinoma CHEN Wan-tao 2012, 5(12): 705-708.  Abstract ( )   PDF (853KB) ( )   Abstract：Non-resolving inflammation may initiate cancerazation and is involved in cancer occurrence， development， metastasis， drug resistance and various pathological processes. Previous Studies suggested that critical network nodes in regulation of carcinogenesis were closely associated with signaling pathways related to stimulation， immunization， stress and inflammation. Particularly，NF-κB pathway in non-resolving inflammation and cancer metastasis plays a key regulatory role in carcinogenesis. In carcinogenesis of oral mucosa， upstream regulatory networks of miRNAs play a critical role. Using the non-resolving (chronic) inflammation malignant transformation models， such as oral lichen planus and multiple-step carcinogenesis models， it will establish malignant transformation spatiotemporal nodes and miRNA or mRNA expression patterns related to the processes of carcinogenesis， promoting and development. It will also investigate the dynamic relationship between non-resolving inflammation and oral cancer through the comprehensive utilization of medical statistics， biological informatics analysis and the integration analysis on epigenetics and genetics levels. No doubt， to determine the basic regulatory network of malignant transformation nodes and key factors of carcinogenesis， the novel cancer treatment model， "anti-inflammatory"， will provide rationale and effective interventions targeting in the future.

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Application prospects of the current findings on cancer stem cells derived from head and neck squamous cell carcinoma JIA Guo-dong， ZHANG Ping. 2012, 5(12): 709-713.  Abstract ( )   PDF (891KB) ( )   Abstract: Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common cancer worldwide. Despite great advances in diagnostic and therapeutic methods， the 5-year survival rate of patients suffering with HNSCC remains unchanged over the last 30 years due to treatment failure and distant metastases of tumor. Increasing evidences demonstrate that the growth and spread of cancer is driven by a small subpopulation of cancer cells， defined as cancer stem cells (CSCs). Recent data indicate that the initiation， growth， recurrence and metastasis of cancers are distinctive features of the small population of CSCs with stemness properties. Deep investigation of the behavior of these CSCs is of importance in identifying target therapy methods and improving patients’ prognosis. In this review， we focus on some recent progresses of HNSCC derived CSCs which may be of great benefit to the future diagnosis and therapy of HNSCC.

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Signaling pathway of HIF-1α/VEGF regulates biological behavior of oral squamous cell carcinoma as therapeutic targets and predictive biomarkers WU Yang 2012, 5(12): 713-720.  Abstract ( )   PDF (967KB) ( )   Abstract: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a special locally aggressive malignant epithelial tumor with lymph node metastasis to the neck that presents large areas of tumoral necrosis with ischemia， in which the levels of acidity and hypoxia are very high. Hypoxia is a critical and decisive factor for malignancy and appears to be controlled mainly by hypoxia inducible factor (HIF). HIF-1 is the key regulator of cellular response to hypoxia. In hypoxic conditions， hydroxylation does not occur， and HIF-1 DNA-binding complex is α heterodimer of α and β subunits. Then HIF-1α is activated and the stabilized HIF-1α induces transcriptional activity. HIF-1 is recognized as an important protein that regulates the transcription of several genes related to angiogenesis， including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and VEGF receptor. VEGF is an angiogenic cytokine expressed by tumors. VEGF is also known as a vascular permeability factor， being considered a key regulator in tumor-induced angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Signaling pathway of HIF-1α/VEGF regulates several important biologic pathways， including cell proliferation， angiogenesis， cell metabolism， anti-apoptosis and migration. In the present study， hypoxia plays a major role in tumor progression (proliferation and metastasis)， therapy resistance and for prognosis of OSCC. The goal of this article is to describe basic biological features of HIF/VEGF signaling pathway， analyze the effects of their expression in OSCC and its relationship with other molecules and to assess the possibility of their manipulation as therapeutic targets and predictive biomarkers.

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Tumor biobank and translational medicine XU Qin 2012, 5(12): 720-723.  Abstract ( )   PDF (872KB) ( )   Abstract: With the deepening of cancer research， the importance of the the tumor biobank is gradually emerging. Several national tumor biobanks have been established around the world. The establishment of high quality tumor biobanks will provide basic data for the research of cancer etiology and the development of individual treatment in translational medicine. In this review， the status， trends， and problems of tumor biobanks are discussed.

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DNA promoter methylation and the translational regulation in salivary gland tumors        LI Jiang， HAN Yi-fan 2012, 5(12): 724-728.  Abstract ( )   PDF (881KB) ( )    Abstract：Salivary gland tumor is one of the most common tumors in head and neck region with a great variety of morphology and biological behavior. Surgical operation is the major choice of salivary gland tumors. However， except the benign and low-grade malignant tumors， most salivary malignancies are in lack of specific treatment and the recurrent and metastic frequency is pretty high. Epigenetic study has become a hot spot of cancer research in recent years and one of widely studied field is the DNA promoter methylation. Our current article intends to discuss the possible application of DNA promoter methylation in the development，treatment and prognosis of salivary gland tumors.

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Research progress in diagnosis and treatment of synovial sarcoma of the head and neck JI Tong， MA Chun-yue 2012, 5(12): 728-732.  Abstract ( )   PDF (868KB) ( )    Abstract：Synovial sarcoma accounts for about 6%～9% of soft tissue sarcomas， most commonly affecting the extremity of adults. Synovial sarcomas often develop in para-articular regions of the extremity， and they almost never arise within the joint. Synovial sarcomas have always been considered high-grade and carry a particularly different molecular mechanism and its pathological diagnosis remains distinct. Given the rapid growth and infiltrative nature of the disease， local and systemic control is challenging and tough to surgeons， radio-oncologists and chemo-therapists. Head and neck synovial sarcomas are rare entities in adults， accounting for only about 3%～5% of all synovial sarcomas. Therefore， the medical literature on synovial sarcomas of the head and neck is so far limited. After reviewing the latest published articles and summarizing the cases in our hospital， we advocate surgery and post-surgical radiation as the primary treatment modality. As for chemotherapy， the potential survival benefit remains controversial.

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Evaluating the prognosis of periodontitis by using risk factor        ZHAO Xi-da， SUN Shang-min， PAN Ya-ping 2012, 5(12): 733-737.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1954KB) ( )   Abstract: Objective    To evaluate the influence of risk factors on prognosis by using probing depth and attachment loss  for chronic periodontitis. Methods    A total of 459 patients were selected from January 2006 to June 2012. Two hundred and four cases were male and two hundred and fifty-five were female， among whom the age range was from 25 to 75 years and the mean age was 42.65 years. These patients were assessed and divided by self-development risk factors assessment software into five groups，in which the severity of risk factors from group one to five was in ascending deterioration order. Three months later periodontal examination were taken after all patients accepted periodontal initial therapy， that is，detecting indication was pocket depth（PD） and attachment loss（AL） of mesial buccal， buccal， distal buccal and lingual of all teeth. The prognosis of periodontitis was evaluated by comparing the periodontal index of the first， second， and the third year to baseline. Results    Comparing the periodontal index on the different times after initial therapy to baseline， periodontitis improved obviously on the third month（P＜0.05）. Under the influence of risk factors periodontitis was deteriorated gradually， apparently in the third year（P＜0.05）. Similarly comparing the PD and AL among five risk groups on the third year， there was a significant statistical difference（P＜0.05） between Risk1， Risk2 and other three groups. By the same way Risk5 got the significant statistical difference compared to other four groups， therefore we could divide the risk factor into three levels ，which were low level， middle level， and high level. Conclusions    （1）In this study， all risk factors are analyzed and the patients’ risk level are obtained quickly and accurately by risk factors assessment software， which can help the doctor to make the right judgment of prognosis and help the patients to understand the influence of risk factors. （2）Risk factors play an important role and can predict the prognosis in the development of periodontal disease effectively. The impact of risk factors on periodontal disease occur in the third year， and this phenomenon should attract attention of doctors and patients.

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Influence of curing mode on polymerization of dual cured flowable resin composites DING Hong*， LAN Wei-dong， MENG Xiang-feng 2012, 5(12): 738-741.  Abstract ( )   PDF (929KB) ( )   Abstract: Objective To investigate the influence of light and chemical curing mode on polymerization capability (degree of polymerization and cross-link density) of dual cured flowable resin composites. Methods The plexiglas circles ( inner diameter: 5mm， height:2mm ) were respectively injected and filled by dual cured flowable resin composite core build-up materials [ A ( Luxa Core ) ，B ( Clearfil DC Core )] and dual cured resin cement [ C ( DUOLINK )]， then specimens for chemical curing mode were stored untreated at 37℃ in the dark ，while specimens for light curing mode were immediately light-irradiated for 20 seconds before storage. Surface hardness numbers were detected at 0.5，24 and 120 hours post-curing time to compare degree of polymerization indirectly .After that the specimens were soaked in 100% ethanol for 24 hours and percentage of reduction of hardness was recorded to compare cross-link density indirectly. Data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA and independent T test. Results For the 3 materials hardness of both curing mode increased with the post-curing time (P<0.05) and attained to the maximum values at 120 hours post-curing time. Hardness of light-curing mode at 120 hours post-curing time was greater than that of chemical-curing mode [material A: light-cured mode (61.27 ± 2.14) MPa， chemical-cured mode(39.26 ± 0.89) MPa， P<0.05;material B: light-cured mode (66.94 ± 0.97)MPa， chemical-cured mode( 44.18 ± 1.84) MPa， P<0.05;material C：light-cured mode(64.21 ± 1.07)MPa， chemical-cured mode(51.39 ± 1.22)MPa，P<0.05]. After soaking significant difference of percentage of reduction of hardness were detected between the 2 modes[material A: light-cured mode (19.58 ± 1.72)%， chemical-cured mode (25.18 ± 2.82)%， P<0.05;material B: light-cured mode (17.74 ± 1.75)%， chemical-cured mode(24.56 ± 1.78)%， P<0.05 ); material C : light-cured mode (23.10 ± 2.50)%， chemical-cured mode(23.72 ± 1.65)%， P = 0.658]. Conclusion For dual cured flowable resin composites， curing mode exerts distinct influence on the degree of polymerization and cross-link density.

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A clinical retrospective study of different crowns restoration for implant teeth in the posterior area over 5 years FENG Wei，JIANG Lu-lu，ZHANG Jiao，DENG Chun-fu，ZHANG Chong，ZHAO Bao-hong. 2012, 5(12): 742-747.  Abstract ( )   PDF (890KB) ( )   Abstract: Objective To evaluate five years of clinical results of different crowns restoration for implant teeth in the posterior area. Methods From June 2006 to June 2011，603 patients with 1159 crowns after 1135 dental implants were followed up for 6～66 months. There were 135 zirconia all-ceramic，396 porcelain-fused-to-crown of gold alloy，363 porcelain-fused-to-crown of Ag-Pd，131 gold alloy based polymerization porcelain and 134 Ag-Pd based polymerization porcelain. Clinical examination，X-ray and patient satisfaction investigation were conducted，the software of SPSS 13.0 was used for restoration complications analysis and the cumulative success rate was evaluated with Davarpanah’s standard about failed crowns. Results There was no significant difference among different restoration(P = 0.299);the cumulative success rate was 97.2%;more than 95% of the patients were satisfied with the different restoration. Conclusion The different crowns restoration of implant in the posterior area can achieve good clinical results，whereas long-term effect need to be followed up.

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The clinical effectiveness study of three kinds of different processing methods for relaxation incision in palatoplasty ZHANG En-jiao， FENG Cui-juan， LI Zeng-jian， LIU Qiang， WANG Xu-kai， LU Li. 2012, 5(12): 748-750.  Abstract ( )   PDF (822KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To compare the clinical effect of different treatments for relaxation incision in palatoplasty，postoperative reaction and incision healing. Methods Totally 113 patients with cleft palate were divided into three groups randomly，who underwent palatoplasty. Iodoform gauze ，nothing or absorbable hemostatic gauze was used on both sides of the relaxation incision. After surgery，the diet，temperature changes，wound healing and bleeding，postoperative cleft or perforation were observed and analyzed. Results In Iodoform gauze group，2 cases of postoperative infection were found in all cases，12 patients had fever on the 3ird day，16 patients developed bleeding and one patient had postoperative cleft perforation. There were 4 and 5 patients with fever on the 3rd day of postoperation in the other two groups. Conclusion Nothing and filling into relaxation incision with absorbable hemostatic gauze are more helpful for wound healing and postoperative recovery in palatoplasty.

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The measurement analysis of teeth and dental arch on normal occlusion in the teenagers of Bai nationality in Dali HUANG Min*， ZHAO Lei， YANG Yu 2012, 5(12): 751-754.  Abstract ( )   PDF (893KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To obtain the data of dental measurements in healthy Bai teenagers. Methods Normal dentognathic models were obtained in 97 teenagers. The width of the tooth crown and the size of the dental arch were measured with a venier. The measurments were statistically analysed. Results The tooth crown in boys was wider than that in girls except first premolar and second premolar;the dental arch width and length in boys were wider than those in girls.There was no significant difference in Bolton index and Pont index between boys and girls. Conclusion The norms of teeth，denal arch and dentition index on normal occlusion in Bai teenagers have been established， and they have a certain reference value to guide clinical orthodontics.

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Analysis of periodontal systematic therapy-clinical effects on patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis of 5 years LIU Qiong，SUN Jiang 2012, 5(12): 755-758.  Abstract ( )   PDF (847KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To study the clinical effect on patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis who accepted periodontal systematic therapy for 5 years. Methods Ten patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis were selected in the Periodontology and Oral Mucosa Department，Stomatological Hospital of Dalian from January 2006 to January 2007. These patients accepted periodontal systematic therapy for 5 years，including：periodontal initial therapy，periodontal surgical therapy，and periodontal supportive therapy. Clinical parameters of probing depth(PD)，clinical attachment level(CAL)，tooth mobility(TM)and bleeding on probing(BOP)were recorded by Florida electronic probe at baseline and 1-5 years after therapy，then analysis was carried out. Panoramic tomogram and the first molar intraoral radiography were detected before and 5 years after therapy. Results PD and CAL were decreased 1-5 years after periodontal systematic therapy，the positive sites of BOP were reduced and TM was improved. The statistical differences were detected(P < 0.01). The positive sites of BOP were reduced in the 5th year than in 1-3years，and the statistical differences were detected(P < 0.05). Conclusion To generalized aggressive periodontitis，the effect of periodontal systematic therapy of 5 years is effective and stable.

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Research and progress in aetiology and treatment of juvenile recurrent parotitis XIE Li-song， YU Chuang-qi 2012, 5(12): 759-762.  Abstract ( )   PDF (834KB) ( )   Abstract：Juvenile recurrent parotitis(JRP) is defined as recurrent episodes of inflammatory parotitis in children， characterized by intermittent swelling， pain and discomfort of one or both parotid glands. The aetiology is complicated and pathogenesis uncertain. With the development of microbiology， clinical immunology and application of sialoendoscopic technique in recent decades， it gives new ideas to the pathogenesis and therapy approach of JRP. Research and progress in aetiology and treatment of juvenile recurrent parotitis were reviewed in this article.

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The research advances of platelet-rich fibrin in bone regeneration YANG Ying， ZHONG Wei-jian， MA Guo-wu 2012, 5(12): 763-766.  Abstract ( )   PDF (834KB) ( )   Abstract: Platelet-rich ?brin (PRF) is regarded as a new type of platelet concentrate，which can be isolated from autologous venous blood. After blood sample centrifugation， PRF is in the state of gel， located in the middle part between the red corpuscles at the bottom and acellular plasma at the top. The PRF，which contains high concentration of platelets， a variety of growth factors， fibrinogen and leukocytes，could promote the restoration and regeneration of bone and soft tissue. And it also has the ability of resisting infection. The aim of this article is to review the research progress of the mechanism of PRF and the application of PRF to oral and maxillofacial tissue regeneration.