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    02 September 2014, Volume 30 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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    Related problems of syphilitic patients in pregnancy.
    WANG Hui-lan.
    2014, 30(9): 660-662.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080102
    Abstract ( )   PDF (938KB) ( )  

    Abstract: Syphilis in pregnancy can result in spontaneous abortion, stillbirth, nonimmune hydrops,preterm birth and congenital syphilis in newborn. Appropriate screening and treatinent of syphilis in pregnancy is very important for prevention of congenital syphilis.

    Present situation of genital tract infection in gonorrhea patients and standardized treatment.
    YANG Han,XU Chun-lin.
    2014, 30(9): 662-666.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080103
    Abstract ( )   PDF (973KB) ( )  

    Abstract: Gonorrhea is a purulent disease of genitourinary system,which is caused by Neisseria gonorrhoeae.Gonorrhea is a major cause of serious reproductive complications,such as pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic pelvic pain, ectopic pregnancy and tubal infertility.Therefore, it is important for us to fully understand gonorrhea,and to grasp the epidemiological characteristics and the standard treatment.

    Diagnosis and treatment for Chlamydia tracho- matis infection in female genital tract.
    WANG Chen,XUE Feng-xia,HAN Cha.
    2014, 30(9): 666-669.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080104
    Abstract ( )  

    Abstract: Chlamydia trachomatis infection is one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases in the world,which is mainly diagnosed according to laboratory tests.A substantial proportion of initial infections in both men and women are asymptomatic,and moreover female persistent infections or reinfections usually lead to severe complications.So early diagnosis,timely and effective standardized treatment,and regular follow-up may mean a great significance to patients.Recently,both development in nucleic acid amplification-based diagnostic tests and improvement in collecting specimens greatly promote the Chlamydia trachomatis infections screening.Currently the best public health interventions to prevent infections are to increase screening rates as well as actively provide treatment for patients,without ignoring the sexual health educations-based primary prevention.

    Positioning of mycoplasma in female genital tract infection.
    ZHANG Dai,MI Lan.
    2014, 30(9): 670-672.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080105
    Abstract ( )   PDF (920KB) ( )  

    Abstract: Mycoplasma infection is a clinically central issue.Common mycoplasma includes Ureaplasma urealyticum, Mycoplasma hominis and Mycoplasma genitalium. Various kinds of mycoplasmas play different roles in each disease states. Ureaplasma Urealyticum can cause urethritis, chorioamnionitis. While its carrier status in normal female vagina is highly spread, the clinical significance of UU is often exaggerated. Mycoplasma genitalium infection can lead to cervicitis, urethritis and pelvic inflammatory disease. But since in most areas of China Mycoplasma genitalium can' t be detected, it’s often overlooked. Mycoplasma hominis is common in bacterial vaginosis and pelvic inflammatory disease. Owing to these facts,when detecting different mycoplasma infections,different clinical situations must be considered.

    The related issues of the diagnosis and treatment of genital herpes.
    SU Ting-ting,SUI Long.
    2014, 30(9): 672-675.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080106
    Abstract ( )   PDF (938KB) ( )  

    Abstract: Genital herpes is a common sexually transmitted disease. It is inflammatory diseases mainly caused by herpes simplex virus infection in the genital tract and mucous membranes. In recent years, with the continuous increase of its incidence in population and liability to relapse after treatment, the disease has been given close attention of clinicians. However, its clinical diagnosis and treatment are still presenting some problems.Here in this paper we make an overview of issues related to the diagnosis and treatment of GN and countermeasures.

    Diagnosis and treatment of condyloma acuminate.
    QIN Jun-pu,ZHANG Di-kai.
    2014, 30(9): 675-679.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080107
    Abstract ( )   PDF (975KB) ( )  

    Abstract: Condyloma acuminata is a sexually transmitted disease arising from human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.The characters of its treatment include being difficult to fight HPV,patients’poor compliance and high recurrence rate.This article summarizes many kinds of therapy at home and abroad in treatment of condyloma acuminate,in order to be of importance to clinical diagnosis and treatment.

    Assisted reproductive technology and AIDS.
    ZHENG Xiao-ying,WANG Hai-yan.
    2014, 30(9): 679-681.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080108
    Abstract ( )   PDF (940KB) ( )  

    Abstract: Assuring that HIV-affected couples can acquire the preconception counseling and antiviral therapy during pregnancy is crucial in decreasing both mother-to-child HIV transmission and infection of seronegative partners. The transmission risk of HIV virus can be greatly reduced by sperm-washing procedure in HIV positive male. HIV infection and antiviral treatment may have negative effect on female fertility and assisted reproduction outcome,especially of the oocyte quality. It might be related to mitochondrial dysfunction as a result of the use of antiretroviral drugs.

    Diagnosis,standardized treatment and prognosis of sexual transmitted pelvic inflammatory disease.
    WANG Dan-dan,WANG Min.
    2014, 30(9): 681-684.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080109
    Abstract ( )   PDF (951KB) ( )  

    Abstract: The relationship between sexual transmitted disease(STD) pathogens and pelvic inflammatory disease is increasingly prominent: with the prevalence of sexually transmitted diseases,acute pelvic inflammatory disease is epidemic,and delay in treatment may lead to major sequelae,including chronic pelvic pain,ectopic pregnancy and infertility. The comprehensive treatment program of sexually transmitted pelvic inflammatory disease includes antibiotic therapy,surgery and treatment of patients’ sexual partner to avoid repeated infections.

    Standardized diagnosis and treatment of human papillomavirus genital infection.
    FU Yun-feng, XIE Xing.
    2014, 30(9): 684-686.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080110
    Abstract ( )   PDF (941KB) ( )  

    Abstract:Human papillomavirus genital infection (HPV) in women is common and the majority of HPV infections will spontaneously clear. The main purpose of HPV testing is to determine whether there is a high-grade precancer, rather than a HPV infection itself, although various methods are available for HPV detection. Removal of warts is the therapeutic strategy for low-risk HPV infection of genital tract. High-grade lesions should be properly treated without delay. However, standardized management of high-risk HPV infection without precancer should be carried out.

    Diagnosis and treatment of cervicitis and related diseases.
    YANG Xin,TAN Cheng.
    2014, 30(9): 686-689.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080111
    Abstract ( )   PDF (950KB) ( )  

    Abstract: Two major diagnostic signs characterize cervicitis: 1) a purulent or mucopurulent endocervical exudate visible in the endocervical canal or on an endocervical swab specimen (commonly referred to as mucopurulent cervicitis or cervicitis) and 2) sustained endocervical bleeding easily induced by gentle passage of a cotton swab through the cervical os. Either or both signs might be present. When an etiologic organism is isolated in the presence of cervicitis, it is typically C. trachomatis or N. gonorrhoeae. Cervicitis can also be accompanied by trichomoniasis and genital herpes virus(especially primary HSV-2 infection).

    Clinical research on related factors of serious gas embolism in hysteroscopy surgery.
    LUO Sui-yu, WANG Yu, WANG Su-fang, ZHA0 Su-zhen, ZHANG Ju-xin.
    2014, 30(9): 690-693.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080112
    Abstract ( )  

    Abstract: Objective To explore factors related to circulating gas embolism occurrence and causes of symptoms during hysteroscopic surgery. Methods In the 34 cases undergoing hysteroscopic surgery,conditions of circulating gas embolism were monitored and leveled by the Doppler. Results Twenty patients of all 34 patients had gas embolism, and 6 patients had symptoms; 2 out of 5 were symptomatic in grade Ⅱ gas embolism group, while 4 out of 6 in grade Ⅲ. Symptoms were positively correlated with levels of gas embolism. In 26 cases whose operation time was over 30 minutes, gas embolism occurred in 18 patients, and 6 patients had symptoms,which showed increasing probability of gas embolism levels and clinical symptoms. No gas embolism occurred when the perfusion volume was<2000 mL,while 5 out of 10 cases with perfusion volume 2000 to 3000ml and 15 out of 20 with over 3000ml developed gas embolism, 1 and 5 cases had symptoms respectively. The incidence of gas embolism and occurrence of clinical symptoms increased significantly with the perfusion volume. Conclusions A close relationship between the occurrence of clinical symptoms and gas embolism is observed. Low-degree gas embolism has no serious damage. The degree of gas embolism can be used as an option to predict the occurrence of serious complications.The level of gas embolism is related to the clinical symproms.

    Preliminary study on the methods and applications of reconstructing digital three-dimensional model of human placental vascular networks in vitro based on CT data.
    WANG Zhi-jian*,CHEN Shu-ying*, ZHONG Mei*, DAI Jing-xing, LUO Cheng-en, HE Yan-hong*, ZHANG Min*,CHEN Rui-ying, XU Yi-kai,YU Yan-hong*,CHEN Chun-lin*,LIU Ping*,LI Ze-yu.
    2014, 30(9): 694-697.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080113
    Abstract ( )  

    Abstract: Objective To explore the methods and applications of reconstructing digital three-dimensional(3D) models of human placental vascular networks in vitro based on CT data. Methods Placentas from twenty healthy primiparas who delivered at term were given enhanced CT scan after placental arterial perfusion. We acquired the original DICOM two-dimensional tomographic image data set. Then we perfused the placental veins and performed enhanced CT scan to the perfused placentas again. The DICOM images were input into the Mimics 10.01 software. The Mimics 10.01 software was applied to reconstruct the digital 3D models of placental arterial networks and placental vascular networks. The placentas were corroded by strong acids after CT scan and then we got the placental vascular networks casting models. Subsequently, taking the placental vascular networks casting models as the standard, we evaluated the authenticity and accuracy of digital 3D models. Results Using the Mimics 10.01 software, we can successfully reconstruct the digital 3D models of placental vascular networks based on CT data. The digital 3D models are realistic and stereoscopic,presenting excellent visual effect and showing morphological structures of placental vascular networks clearly, which are highly consistent with the vascular casting models. The digital 3D models can not only be zoomed in or out but also be revolved freely for better observation of placental vessels. Conclusions The digital 3D models of placental vascular networks, which are reconstructed based on CT image data set, can fully display the placental vessels. It is a new and effective method to use the digital 3D models to study placental vascular networks, which serves as a technical foundation for further studies.

    Feasibility analysis of vitrified frozen-thawed embryo transfer instead of fresh embryo transfer in women over 40 years of age.
    YAO Zhong-yuan*, GUI Bao-heng*, LI Yan-ping, LIU Dong-e, LIU Neng-hui, WU Ling-qian*.
    2014, 30(9): 698-701.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080114
    Abstract ( )  

    Abstract: Objective To investigate whether the whole embryo vitrified frozen-thawed embryo transfer(vFET) instead of fresh embryo transfer (fET) in a controlled ovarian hyperstimulation(COH) cycle improves the in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer(IVF-ET ) clinical outcomes in elderly women. Methods The investigators retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 1863 cases of fET cycles and 1083 cases of vFET cycles, which were performed during the period of 2011 April to 2012 February in the Reproductive Medical Center of Xiangya Hospital. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between the related clinical factors and pregnancy rate. Results The clinical pregnancy rate of elderly women (more than 40 years old) was significantly higher in the group of vFET cycles than that in fET cycles(32.56% vs. 16.10%, P<0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the type of embryo transfer cycle and clinical pregnancy rate were closely related, with a greater pregnancy probability in vFET cycles than in fET cycles (odds ratio: 2.49,95% confidence interval: 1.09-5.69, P<0.05). Conclusion Vitrified frozen-thawed embryo transfer results in a better pregnancy outcome than fresh embryo transfer in women who are more than 40 years old.

    Clinical analysis of 66 cases of pregnant patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.
    LI Zhu-yu, WANG Zi-lian, HUANG Jia, YOU Ze-shan.
    2014, 30(9): 702-705.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080115
    Abstract ( )  

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the pregnancy opportunity and outcome of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE).Methods We carried out a retrospective analysis of the clinical information of 66 patients who suffered from SLE complicated with pregnancy and were hospitalized in our hospital from January of 2009 to February of 2013. Results   In 40 cases of planned pregnancies, 39 cases(97.5%)resulted in live births and 10 cases(25%)had flares during pregnancy.Of the 39 live births, 12 cases(30.8%)were premature deliveries,and 8 cases(20.5%) had preeclampsia. In 26 cases of unplanned pregnancies, 6 cases(23.1%)resulted in live births and 23 cases(88.5%)had flares during pregnancy. The 6 cases(100%) of live births were all premature deliveries and  4 cases (66.7%) had preeclampia. The patients in the planned pregnancy group tended to have less flares during pregnancy than those in the unplanned group(P<0.01),and  the former were more likely to have live births than the latter(P<0.01),less likely to have premature delivery(P=0.002) and less likely to have preeclampsia (P=0.035). Conclusion    Patients with SLE should have planned pregnancy and need collaborative supervision of both rheumatology and immunology department and obstetric department in order to improve live birth rate,decrease premature delivery and the activity of SLE during pregnancy,and can expect to have better pregnancy outcome.

    Clinical study of correlation between insulin resistance and endometrial cancer.
    LIU Zi-yu, ZHANG JIE-qing, MO Zhe-lun, LI Li.
    2014, 30(9): 706-709.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080116
    Abstract ( )  

    Abstract: Objective To investigate the possible association between insulin resistance and endometrial cancer.Methods   Forty cases (case group) with newly diagnosed endometrial cancer and 48 healthy women(control group) from health examination at the same period were enrolled in this study.Fasting blood glucose(FBG), fasting serum insulin (FINS), estradiol (E2), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) and prolactin( PRL)were measured in all patients. Results  The levels of FINS, HOMA-IR, E2 and FSH of the case group were significantly higher than those of control group (P<0.05).No significant correlation was observed between case group and normal control in tumor type , grade, the depth of myometrial invasion, estradiol receptor or progesterone receptor(P>0.05).FINS related to endometrial cancer was not influenced after adjusting other confounders in this study. Conclusions  FINS may be an independent risk factor in developing endometrial cancer, which has dose-response relationship,and is positively related to E2,and inversely correlated with FSH.The affect of insulin  on the sex hormone might be one of the mechanisms of endometrial carcinoma.

    Study on the role of Interleukin 6 and Survivin in early embryo arrest.
    ZHAO Lan-lan*,CUI Shi-hong*,YU Yang,XU Yan-juan*,Tao Bei-bei, FENG Han-qi*,ZHANG Lin-dong*, LIU Bo*.
    2014, 30(9): 710-712.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080117
    Abstract ( )  

    Abstract: Objective To explore the relationship between the interleukin-6 and Survivin and early embryo arrest. Methods Real time-PCR was used to measure the mRNA expression of IL-6 and Survivin in villus and SP was used to measure the location and expression of the two different kinds of protein in corresponding tissue. ELISA was used to measure the level of IL-6 in serum. Results Real-time PCR and IHC showed that the expression levels of IL-6 and Survivin were significantly lower in experimental group than in control group (P<0.05). Serum level of IL-6 among the three groups was not statistically significant (P >0.05). Conclusion Proper expressions of IL-6 and Survivin in the villus tissue play a certain role in maintaining early embryo development.

    Effects of ciclopirox against drug-resistant candida albicans.
    ZHANG Zhan,WANG Ying,BAI Hui-hui,ZHAO Min,DONG Han-yu,LIU Zhao-hui.
    2014, 30(9): 713-716.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080118
    Abstract ( )  

    Abstract: Objective To research the drug sensitivity difference of ciclopirox against antifungal drug-resistant candida spices.Methods Susceptibility testing of drug-resistant candida spices was performed using the broth microdilution method (CLSI,document M27-A3) between Oct,2013 and Jan,2014.Results The minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ciclopirox against drug-resistant candida spices were still low.Conclusion The susceptibility of ciclopirox against antifungal drug-resistant candida spices were great.And ciclopirox can be used to fight against antifungal drug resistant candida spices.

    Analysis of the indications for terminating pregnancy in severe preeclampsia without complications.
    CHEN Yang, YANG Zi, SONG Ying,WANG Jia-lüe,SHEN Jie.
    2014, 30(9): 717-721.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080119
    Abstract ( )  

    Abstract: Objective To analyze the current status and affecting factors of terminating pregnancy in severe preeclampsia without complications at admission . Methods Clinical observational data of 330 cases of severe preeclampsia (sPE) without serious complications at admission in Peking University Third Hospital, a tertiary teaching hospital, from Jan.2009 to Dec.2012 were analyzed. Cases were divided into groups according to the gestation-weeks (GW) at termination. Results A total of 330 cases of sPE without serious complications at admission accounted for about 83.3% of all cases of sPE diagnosed at discharge. There were 3/5 of cases with GW (<26-GW) considerations terminated pregnancy. Social factor was the independent influencing factor in the 26~<28 GW group. Isolated massive proteinuria (>10g/24h)and serious complications occurrence were the main termination indications in the 28~<30 GW group. The independent factors in sequence were social factor, maternal factors, fetal factors and placenta factors(P<0.05). In the 30~<32GW group, the main termination indication was serious complications occurrence. The independent factors in sequence were maternal factors, massive proteinuria, placenta factors and fetal factors (P<0.05). In the 32~<34GW group, the main termination indications were massive proteinuria, uncontrolled hypertension and abnormal fetal monitoring. The independent factors in sequence were maternal factors , fetal factors and placenta factors. In the 34~<36GW group, GW(≥34-GW) consideration accounted for about 44.3%. The independent factors in sequence were GWconsideration, uncontrolled hypertension, abnormal S/D ratio and abnormal fetal monitoring (P<0.05). In the ≥36 GW group, about 68.3% cases terminated pregnancy under consideration of ≥36-GW. Conclusions This research shows that although there are various indicating factors affecting the termination of sPE pregnancy without serious complications,the fact of pure consideration of massive proteinuria and GW also exist. Whether it is appropriate to take the quantity of urine protein or GW alone as the indication of terminating pregnancy in isolated sPE will need further research and extensive clinical evidence.

    The changes of high density lipoprotein levels in early onset severe preeclampsia and the clinical significance.
    LI Yuan-mei,DONG Rui-feng.
    2014, 30(9): 722-724.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080120
    Abstract ( )  

    Abstract: Objective To study the changes of high density lipoprotein(HDL) levels in patients with early onset severe preeclampsia and the clinical significance.Methods Forty-five cases of pregnant women with early onset severe preeclampsia were investigated,and 50 cases of normal pregnant women were randomly selected for normal control group.Serum HDL,apo-A1 and ACA-IgG,ACA-IgM tilters were measured in all cases.Results The positive rates of ACA in the early onset severe preeclampsia group was significantly higher than those in the control.Level of high density lipoprotein in early onset severe preeclampsia was higher than that of control group,but the level of ApoA1 was significantly lower in early onset severe preeclampsia group(P<0.05).Levels of HDL and the ACA tilters had no correlations.Conclusion HDL may play an important pathological role in early onset severe preeclampsia.

    The clinical comparison of effects of PEA regimen and 5-Fu+KSM regimen for treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasms.
    MA Xiao-lin,WANG Xin-yan,LI Xiu-qin
    2014, 30(9): 725-728.  DOI: 10.7504/fk2014080121
    Abstract ( )  

    Abstract: Objective To explore whether the PEA regimen can be used as the first-line chemotherapy drug for gestational trophoblastic neoplasms.Methods Retrospectively analyze 62 cases of gestational trophoblastic neoplasms from July 2004 to May 2013 in our hospital. Compare the treatment efficacy and side effects of these two regimens.Results   The effective rate of PEA regimen for the treatment of gestational trophoblastic neoplasms was 93.33%,higher than that of 5-Fu+KSM regimen,but it has no significant difference (P>0.05). In the aspect of the side effects, III~IV leukopenia, oral cavity ulcer and diarrhea of PEA group were less than those of 5-Fu + KSM group,being of  significant difference (P<0.05). In the aspect of nausea , vomiting and liver function damage, the occurrence rate  in PEA group was lower than that in 5-Fu + KSM group,but it was of no significant difference (P>0.05).Conclusion    Two regimens have the same effect, but PEA regimen has fewer side effects, shorter duration of average hospital stay and less treatment cost,which can be used as first-line chemotherapy drug for gestational trophoblastic neoplasms.