Abstract: Most causes of premature ovarian insufficiency（POI）remain undetermined，with 4%-30% of cases originating from autoimmunity.Autoimmune-associated POI can be a part of autoimmune polyendocrine gland syndrome（APS）.POI can also occur independently，while sometimes is associated with other autoimmune diseases，such as primary chronic-adrenal insufficiency（Addison's disease），autoimmune thyroid disease（AITD），and others.Ovary is a common target of autoimmune attack，and the presence of anti-ovarian antibodies（AOA）and steroid cell antibodies（SCA）is a major feature of autoimmune-associated POI.The disturbance of immune cells and the imbalance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines also play important roles in the immunopathogenesis of POI.

Key words: premature ovarian insufficiency, autoimmune disease, anti-ovarian antibodies, steroid cell antibodies, immune cells, cytokines

摘要： 早发性卵巢功能不全（premature ovarian insufficiency，POI）大多发病原因仍未确定，约4%~30%的POI与自身免疫因素相关。自身免疫相关性POI可作为自身免疫性多内分泌腺病综合征（APS）的一部分出现。POI可单独发生，但有时也与其他自身免疫性疾病有关，如原发性慢性肾上腺皮质功能减退症（阿狄森病）、自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AITD）等。卵巢是自身免疫反应的常见靶点，抗卵巢抗体（AOA）、类固醇细胞抗体（SCA）的存在是自身免疫性POI的主要特征。免疫细胞的紊乱、促炎细胞因子和抗炎细胞因子之间的不平衡在POI的免疫发病机制中也起着重要作用。

关键词: 早发性卵巢功能不全, 自身免疫性疾病, 抗卵巢抗体, 类固醇细胞抗体, 免疫细胞, 细胞因子