Abstract: Along with the innovation of minimally invasive techniques and instrumentations，the surgical route through a natural orifice has been widely utilized. At present，there are two common surgeries-transvaginal and trans-umbilical，and there are many advantages，including quick postoperative recovery，incisional cosmesis，rapid postoperative pain relief，and shorter hospital stay.However，different complications may occur after natural orifice surgery，such as entry-related complications，bleeding，and adjacent organ injury.The key to reducing surgical complications can be achieved by strictly following the indications and improving the operative skills of natural orifice surgery.

Key words: NOTES, complications, prevention, treatment

摘要： 随着微创技术不断发展，经自然腔道内镜手术（NOTES）在妇科的临床应用逐渐增多，目前常见的有经阴道和经脐两种手术方式，具有术后恢复快、切口无瘢痕、术后疼痛轻、患者住院时间短等优势。然而，如同其他微创手术一样，NOTES仍然可能出现不同的并发症，如入路相关并发症、出血、邻近器官损伤等。只有严格把握NOTES的适应证，提高手术技能，才有可能减少并发症的发生。

关键词: 经自然腔道内镜手术, 并发症, 预防, 处理