Abstract: The normal and stable intestinal microbiota plays a key role in maintaining body health，and treatment methods based on intestinal microecology have gradually attracted attention.In recent years，fecal microbiota transplantation therapy，which restructures intestinal homeostasis in patients by transplanting intestinal microbiota in healthy people，has developed rapidly.Many studies have confirmed that fecal microbiota transplantation has a certain effect on children with clostridium difficile infection，inflammatory bowel disease，irritable bowel syndrome，constipation，nervous system diseases，allergic diseases and endocrine and metabolic diseases.This article reviews the donor selection，fecal preparation，delivery methods，and the present status and prospect of clinical application of fecal microbiota transplantation in children，in order to provide better guidance for clinical practice.

Key words: fecal microbiota transplantation, child, Clostri-dium difficile infection

摘要： 正常稳定的肠道菌群在维持机体健康方面发挥着关键作用，基于肠道微生态的治疗手段逐渐受到关注。近年来，通过移植健康人肠道菌群重塑患者肠道稳态的粪菌移植疗法迅速发展，许多研究证实粪菌移植对于儿童艰难梭菌感染、炎症性肠病、肠易激综合征、便秘、神经系统疾病、过敏性疾病与内分泌代谢等疾病具有一定疗效。文章就儿童粪菌移植的供体筛选、菌液制备、移植途径以及临床应用现状及前景等进行阐述，以期更好地指导临床实践。

关键词: 粪菌移植, 儿童, 艰难梭菌感染