关键词: 儿童, 肠结核, 诊断, GenExpert, 干扰素 -γ 释放试验, 药物治疗

Abstract: Intestinal tuberculosis is a major form of extrapulmonary tuberculosis， affecting various segments of the gastrointestinal tract. The clinical manifestations of intestinal tuberculosis lack specificity， particularly similar to those of othergastrointestinal diseases （such as Crohn’s disease， tumors），thereby presenting significant diagnostic challenges. The diagnosis and treatment of pediatric intestinal tuberculosis pose greater challenges compared to adult cases， resulting in delayed diagnosis and increased healthcare expenditures. Early diagnosis and prompt initiation of antituberculous therapy are critical for reducing case-fatality rates. Despite advances in diagnostic modalities， including a series of emerging molecular and immunodiagnostic techniques such as nucleic acid amplification tests， no single laboratory method can reliably establish a rapid and accurate diagnosis. A comprehensive diagnostic approach integrating epidemiological data， clinical presentation，radiological findings， histopathological examination， and multiple nucleic acid amplification tests is required for definitive diagnosis. The treatment of pediatric intestinal tuberculosis remains primarily pharmacological， with endoscopic intervention and surgical treatment performed when necessary.

Key words: pediatric, intestinal tuberculosis, diagnosis, GenExpert, IGRA, durg treatment