中国实用儿科杂志 ›› 2025, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (6): 441-451.DOI: 10.19538/j.ek2025060601

• 指南.标准.共识 •    下一篇

大环内酯类抗菌药物儿科临床应用专家共识(2025 年版)

  

  1. 执 笔:刘瀚旻,陆 权,李智平,张伶俐,张海邻,赵顺英
    制定专家(按单位和姓名首字汉语拼音排序):重庆医科大学附属儿童医院(符 州,刘恩梅,罗征秀);电子科技大学医学院附属成都市妇女儿童中心医院(艾 涛);复旦大学附属儿科医院(李智平,张晓波);华中科技大学同济医学院附属武汉儿童医院(陆小霞);昆明市儿童医院(付红敏);南京医科大学附属儿童医院(田 曼,赵德育);四川大学华西第二医院(陈莉娜,刘瀚旻,张伶俐);山东第一医科大学附属省立医院(陈 星);上海交通大学医学院附属儿童医院(董晓艳,陆 权);上海交通大学医学院附属第一人民医院(洪建国);山西省儿童医院(韩志英);首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院(赵成松,赵顺英);天津大学儿童医院(邹映雪);温州医科大学附属第二医院 育英儿童医院(叶继锋,张海邻);浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院(陈志敏,江米足)
  • 出版日期:2025-06-06 发布日期:2025-08-28
  • 通讯作者: 陆权,电子信箱:luquan-sh@vip.sina.com;刘瀚旻,电子信箱:liuhm@scu.edu.cn;李智平,电子信箱:zplifudan@126.com

Expert consensus on clinical application of macrolide antibiotics in children(2025 edition)

  • Online:2025-06-06 Published:2025-08-28

摘要: 大环内酯类抗菌药物问世久远、种类繁多,是临床广泛使用的抗菌药物,高居国内儿科门诊抗菌药物使用量的首位。大环内酯类抗菌药物对多种病原微生物有较强的抗菌作用,但中国儿童中链球菌属、葡萄球菌属、肺炎支原体等对大环内酯类抗菌药物的耐药率也很突出。14元环和15元环大环内酯类抗菌药物除广谱的抗菌活性外,还具有一定的抗炎和免疫调节效应。儿童有不同于成人的生理特点,亟需一个专门针对大环内酯类抗菌药物临床应用的指导文件。该共识从大环内酯类抗菌药物的药物特点、药代动力学和药效学特点、在儿童感染性疾病中的作用、不良反应及抗菌外作用等方面给出了全面建议,以规范其临床合理使用。

关键词: 抗菌药物, 大环内酯类, 共识, 儿童

Abstract: Macrolide antibiotics have been developed since a long time ago with various types,and are widly used in clinical practice,which rank No.1 in the use of antibiotics in domestic pediatric outpatient departments. Macrolide antibiotics have a strong antibacterial effect on a variety of pathogens,however the resistance rate of pediatric isolates of Streptococcus,Staphylococcus and Mycoplasma pneumoniae to macrolide antibiotics is also very prominent. The 14-membered and 15-membered ring macrolides have some anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects in addition to broad-spectrum antibacterial activity. Given that children’s dynamic physiological development differs from adults’,it is urgent to have a specific guidance document for the clinical application of macrolides in children. The consensus gives a systematic summary of drug characteristics,pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of macrolide antibiotics;meanwhile,the consensus gives comprehensive recommendations on the use of macrolide antibiotics in children with infectious diseases,adverse reactions and non-antibacterial effects,so as to standardize their rational clinical use.

Key words: antimicrobial drugs, macrolides, consensus, child