Abstract: Oral and maxillofacial specific infection refers to the local infection caused by specific pathogens that include Mycobacterium tuberculosis，Actinobacillus，Treponema pallidum，Candida albicans，etc. Despite the low incidence of infection，it may bring about severe infection even a life-threatening condition without timely and effective treatment. The article elaborates the etiology，clinical manifestations，diagnosis，treatments and prevention of oral and maxillofacial specific infection in order to provide a reference for oral general practitioners in addressing such issues.

Key words: specific infection, treatment, prevention

摘要： 口腔颌面部特异性感染是指由结核杆菌、放线杆菌、梅毒螺旋体、白色念珠菌等特异性病原体所引起的发生在口腔颌面局部的感染。发病率虽低，但若未经及时、有效治疗，可引起较为严重的颌面部感染，甚至危及患者的生命健康。文章就口腔颌面部特异性感染的病因、临床表现、诊断、治疗及预防等进行阐述，以期为口腔医生正确认识及有效诊治口腔颌面部特异性感染提供参考。

关键词: 特异性感染, 治疗, 预防