Abstract: Objective    Based on the questionnaire survey，this paper is aimed to analyze the choice of treatment methods for fistula periapical periodontitis of deciduous teeth and its causes. Methods    A questionnaire survey was conducted among 448 pediatric dentists in different regions from September 2020 to October 2020，through which the influence of pediatric dentists′ gender，work unit，work time and diploma on treatment choice for fistula periapical periodontitis was analyzed. Results    A total of 448 questionnaires were sent out in this survey，and 374 effective ones were received，with an effective rate of 83.48%. Among them，276（73.8%）dentists chose root canal therapy and 98（26.2%）dentists chose extraction. There was no significant difference in the choice of treatment methods between different genders（χ2 = 0.0001，P = 0.987）. There were statistically significant differences among dentists with different working units，working time and educational background （χ2 value was 14.009，10.538，11.194，all P < 0.05）. Of the 276 dentists who chose root canal therapy 79.71% believed that root canal therapy could eliminate infection and prolong the preservation time of affected teeth；81.16% of dentists chose multiple root canal treatments；the dentists who chose Vitapex paste （53.99%） were significantly more than those who chose antibiotic paste （25.36%） and zinc oxide clove paste （20.65%）；36.23% of dentists did not know enough about the influence of fistula periapical periodontitis on inherited permanent teeth. Conclusion    The choice of treatment methods for fistula periapical periodontitis of deciduous teeth varies according to the working unit，working time and educational background. Some dentists do not know enough about the influence of periapical periodontitis of deciduous teeth on inherited permanent teeth，and they should learn more about it.

Key words: deciduous teeth, apical periodontitis, root canal treatment, extraction, gap retainer

摘要： 目的    基于问卷调查分析儿童口腔医生对乳牙有瘘型根尖周炎治疗方法的选择及其原因。方法    选择2020年9—10月参加上海、西安等地及其周边地区有关儿童口腔诊疗专业培训及国内儿童口腔专业学术会议的来自全国各地的儿童口腔医生448名，通过调查问卷分析儿童口腔医生性别、工作单位、工作时间、学历等对乳牙有瘘型根尖周炎治疗方法选择的影响。结果    本次调查共发放问卷448份，回收有效问卷374份，问卷有效率为83.48%。其中，有276名（73.8%）儿童口腔医生选择根管治疗术，98名（26.2%）儿童口腔医生选择牙拔除术。不同性别儿童口腔医生对于治疗方法的选择差异无统计学意义（χ2 = 0.0001，P = 0.987）；而不同工作单位、工作时间及学历的儿童口腔医生选择治疗方法的差异均具有统计学意义（χ2值分别为14.009、10.538、11.194，均P < 0.05）。选择根管治疗术的276名儿童口腔医生中，79.71%的医生认为通过根管治疗可消除感染，延长患牙保存时间；81.16%的医生会选择多次法根管治疗；选择Vitapex糊剂的医生（53.99%）明显多于选择抗生素糊剂（25.36%）和氧化锌丁香油糊剂（20.65%）的医生；36.23%的儿童口腔医生对于乳牙有瘘型根尖周炎对继承恒牙的影响认识不足。结论    国内儿童口腔医生受到工作单位、工作时间及学历的影响，对于乳牙有瘘型根尖周炎的治疗方法的选择有所差异。部分医生对于乳牙根尖周炎对继承恒牙的影响认识不足，需要加强学习。

关键词: 乳牙, 根尖周炎, 根管治疗, 拔除, 间隙保持器