Abstract:

The role of postoperative pathological staging for adjuvant arrangement and prognosis evaluation of rectal cancer        YAO Hong-wei*, LI Wen-di,TIAN Mao-lin, et al.*Department of General Surgery，Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing100191,China
Corresponding author: YAO Hong-wei, E-mail: yaohongwei@medmail.com.cn
Abstract    Precise pathological examination plays a core role in the diagnosis and treatment of rectal cancer. It can evaluate the effect of neo-adjuvant radio-chemotherapy and surgical treatment, can assist postoperative adjuvant therapy, and can even evaluate the risk of prognosis. TNM staging are the basis of routine pathological assessment of rectal cancer. Molecular pathological diagnosis has entered clinical application. The common pathological indices of adjuvant therapy and prognosis evaluation include T staging, N staging, circumferential resection margin, response of neo-adjuvant therapy, lymphovascular invasion, perineural invasion, response of neo-adjuvant therapy, RAS gene status, BRAF gene status and MMR status.

Key words: rectal cancer, pathology, adjuvant therapy, prognosis evaluation

摘要：

准确的病理学检查在直肠癌的诊治流程中发挥着“承前启后”的作用，其既能评判新辅助放化疗及手术切除的效果，又能指导术后辅助治疗，甚至能够用于评判预后的风险程度。TNM分期是直肠癌常规病理诊断的基础，分子病理诊断已经进入临床应用。常用于指导辅助治疗和预后评估的病理学指标包括T分期、N分期、环周切缘、新辅助治疗反应、脉管浸润、神经周围浸润、RAS基因状态、错配修复状态等。

关键词: 直肠癌, 病理学, 辅助治疗, 预后评估