Abstract: Advances in the study of biomarkers for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors        WANG Zhe，ZHANG Lei，XU Xue-feng. Department of General Surgery，Zhongshan Hospital，Fudan University，Shanghai 200032，China
Corresponding author: XU Xue-feng，E-mail: xu.xuefeng@zs-hospital.sh.cn
Abstract    Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (pNEN) are a class of highly heterogeneous tumors originating from neuroendocrine cells that secrete a variety of biomarkers into the systemic circulation. Based on this, the oncological behavior of pNEN can be predicted and high-risk populations can be diagnosed  and treated. In recent years, various research on circulating tumor cells and transcriptome biomarker detection has opened up new ideas for the exploration of markers, and also discovered the limitation of the application of classic tumor markers. At the same time, the emergence of novel radiotracers and functional imaging techniques has also provided more options for diagnosing pNEN. Most of the tumor markers with potential application value still need further experimental verification.

Key words: pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, biomarkers, circulating tumor cells, radiotracers

摘要： 胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤（pNEN）是一类起源于神经内分泌细胞且高度异质性的肿瘤，可分泌多种生物标记物进入体循环，据此可对pNEN的肿瘤学行为进行预测，筛选高风险人群，早期诊治。近年来，关于循环肿瘤细胞、转录组生物标记物检测等研究不断进行，为探索新型标记物打开了新的思路，也发现了经典肿瘤生物标记物应用的局限性。同时，新型放射性示踪剂和功能成像技术的出现也为诊断pNEN提供了更多选择。多数具有潜在应用价值的肿瘤生物标记物仍需要进一步实验认证。

关键词: 胰腺神经内分泌肿瘤, 生物标记物, 循环肿瘤细胞, 放射性示踪剂