Abstract: Revisiting the history and current status of gallbladder-preserving surgeries        WANG Xiang，ZHANG Yong-jie.Department of Biliary Surgery II, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200438, China
Corresponding author：ZHANG Yong-jie, E-mail:yang16jing@163.com
Abstract    In recent years，although laparoscopic cholecystectomy has been the treatment of choice for patients with gallstones，endoscopic gallbladder-preserving surgery，also known as cholecystolithotomy，remains popular in some hospitals. From the perspective of history and clinical practice, the type of surgery does not represent any technique breakthrough in surgical practice. Conversely, it may be a violation of the treatment principle in the general population. There are still doubts about the rationality of patient selection and surgical maneuvers. Many related clinical studies are not methodologically sound, and long-term follow-up data remain scarce. There is a universal overlook of the occurrence of gallbladder cancer after cholecystolithotomy. Some doctors and the media may even exaggerate the benefit of cholecystolithotomy. As a questioned invasive surgical procedure，the gallbladder-preserving surgery should not be established as the standard treatment for gallstones. Both patients and surgeons need to carefully make clinical decisions regarding the procedure

Key words: gallstone, laparoscopic cholecystectomy, gallbladder-preserving surgery

摘要： 近年来，尽管腹腔镜胆囊切除术已成为治疗胆囊结石的主流术式，内镜保胆取石手术在某些医院仍颇为流行。从历史和实践来看，内镜保胆取石并未体现外科技术的突破，反而可能违背了胆囊结石的医疗原则。行保胆取石的病人选择及操作的合理性均存疑问，诸多临床研究的规范性、科学性欠妥，且术后长期随访数据匮乏，相关医生对继发胆囊癌变的问题普遍认识不足，更有一些医生及媒体对其进行夸大甚至错误的宣传。作为一项理念和技术均不成熟的外科操作，该术式目前尚不能作为胆囊结石治疗的规范手段，需医患双方谨慎选择。

关键词: 胆囊结石, 腹腔镜胆囊切除术, 保留胆囊手术