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15 July 2014, Volume 7 Issue 7 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The caries-preventive mechanism and clinical application of silver diamine fluoride. LIN Huan-cai，JIAN Wen-ting 2014, 7(7): 385-388.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.001 Abstract ( )   PDF (913KB) ( )   Abstract：Silver diamine fluoride（SDF）solution is a kind of locally applied liquid containing fluorides，silver and diamine ions，which has an effect on dental tissue and bacteria to prevent and arrest dental caries. SDF has been deeply studied and applied in some countries in clinical and community work. However，related work is less in mainland China. This article briefly introduced the mechanism of SDF in prevention and treatment of caries，and its clinical application and studies.

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Fluoride-utilizing strategy in population. HUANG Shao-hong 2014, 7(7): 389-394.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.002 Abstract ( )   PDF (947KB) ( )   Abstract： The fluoride-utilized processes included general and local applications of fluoride：the former consists of regulation of water fluoride，applications of salt/milk fluoride，fluorine agent etc，and the later included fluoride toothpaste，fluorine paint，fluoride gel，fluoride bubbles，fluoride water gargle etc. Pros and cons of each method were given by analyzing the authoritative articles and reviews. Any fluoride program should be carefully operated under the considerations of the caries prevalence and fluoride intake，and adjusted by monitoring the effects，side effects and fluoride exposure.

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Dental erosion. LU You-guang 2014, 7(7): 394-398.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.003 Abstract ( )   PDF (913KB) ( )   Abstract：In recent years，the prevalence of dental erosion has been rising in the world. It has been a new oral health problem now. A lot of investigations and researches had been done by experts from many countries. Dental erosion was considered to be a kind of disease because of many factors，including chemical factors，biological factors，behavior factors and others. To the susceptible population，risk evaluation should be made concerning dietary habits，oral health habits，construction of teeth，saliva and acquired pellicle. Then overall prevention strategy should be established.

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Geriatric oral health strategy and measures. LI Gang 2014, 7(7): 399-402.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.004 Abstract ( )   PDF (908KB) ( )   Abstract：Old people is the focus of community oral health care. This paper introduces the strategies and measures of oral health care for elderly people，including how to keep the mouth clean，enhance physical fitness，nutrition，and oral diseases，and develop good oral hygiene habits and living habits， and regular oral examination，primary prevention，the importance of dental treatment，dental treatment，community and family dental treatment，preventive dental treatment and rehabilitation of oral function.

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Target gene and gene function of differential expression of microRNA in human periodontal ligament stem cells and non-stem cells. LV Hong-bing*，LU Zhao-jie，ZHENG Bi-qiong，LEI Li-shan， LU Guo-ying， FU Sheng，FAN Li-na 2014, 7(7): 403-406.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.005 Abstract ( )   PDF (1323KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To study the mechanism of action and the regulatory network between the specific expression of microRNA（miRNA）and the target gene function in human periodontal ligament stem cells and non-stem cells. Methods miRNA microarray was used to detect differential expression of miRNA between human periodontal ligament stem cells and non-stem cells. The way of biological information was used to predict the targets gene and gene function of these miRNAs，and to analyze the functional enrichment of target genes. Results Twenty-five miRNA were obviously up-regulated in human periodontal ligament stem cells and 21 key target genes were predicted. Five miRNA were obviously down-regulated in human periodontal ligament stem cells and 9 key target genes were predicted. Conclusion The target genes and gene function which are regulated by specific miRNA are closely related to the stemness of human periodontal ligament stem cells.

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Clinical evaluation of Anthogyr system used for implant denture. ZHANG Chong*，ZHAO Bao-hong，LIN Zeng，SHANG De-hao，WANG Dan-ning，JIANG Lu-lu，DENG Chun-fu 2014, 7(7): 407-410.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.006 Abstract ( )   PDF (1401KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To evaluate the early clinical effects of Anthogyr implant system used for the missing tooth in seven years. Methods A total of 203 patients were treated by Anthogyr implant system from 2007 to 2013 in the Implant Center，School of Stomatology，China Medical University. Summerize the total cases and evaluate the clinical effects during 1-7years. Results A total of 320 implants were inserted in 203 patients. Two implants which were inserted in one patient were lost during the first 9-month integration after implantation. All of the others had satisfactory prostheses，though there were some prostheses complications，such as the loosening of abutment screw （6 patients），the fracture of the veneer material （4 patients） and food impaction between the prostheses and nature tooth（9 patients）. The 1-7-year implant cumulative survival rate was 99.38%. Conclusion The function and clinical effects of Anthogyr implant system are satisfactory.

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Applying a variety of periodontal surgeries for functional and aesthetic result of final restoration. XU Tao*，LIU Yun-song，HU Wen-jie，ZHANG Hao 2014, 7(7): 411-415.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.007 Abstract ( )   PDF (2243KB) ( )   Abstract：The purpose of the present study was to show the different choices of periodontal surgeries in resolving various clinical problems. There were both demands of restoration in bilateral posterior areas of the patient，but their remaining of local dental tissue was different. In order to immediately restore the function and esthetic of the patient's dentition，the crown-lengthening surgery was applied on the side of more dental tissue available；the tooth was extracted on the other side of less dental tissue available and cureless apical lesion；also，implant surgery was applied electively. Soft and hard tissue augmentation was finished in implantation synchronously. The effect of final restorations was good and the patient was satisfied. The periodontal surgery played the key role in multidisciplinary treatment，therefore，its indications should be carefully and comprehensively chosen in overall treatment design.

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Comparative analysis of clinical effects of apical resection and apical retention in the treatment of periapical disease. YUAN Hui-juan，DUAN Chang-hua，ZHANG Pei-fen，HUANG Wei-guo 2014, 7(7): 416-419.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.008 Abstract ( )   PDF (944KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To evaluate of clinical effects of apical resection and apical retention in the treatment of periapical disease. Methods Totally 38 maxillary and mandibular anterior teeth of 30 patients with periapical disease were chosen in Xiangyang Hospital of Chancheng District of Foshan City from January 2012 to June 2013. These patients were randomly divided into apical resection group and apical retention group（15 cases in each group）. The apical resection group underwent operation and the apical cut 2-3 mm，the apical retention group underwent operation but the apical retained. The patients were followed up for 3 and 6 months after operation，and through the examination of tooth mobility，fistula and measurement of alveolar bone density and bone height the analysis was made，and the clinical effects were compared between the two groups after operation. Results There was no statistical difference between the two groups in the tooth mobility and fistula which represented recurrence （P > 0.05），while there was statistical difference in alveolar bone density and bone height which representde bone index （P < 0.05）. Conclusion If the lesion can be totally removed，the periapical surgery of retaining apical has better clinical application value.

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Evaluation of the clinical effect of Opalescence PF in-home tooth whitening system and Beyond whitening accelerator. LI Li-hui，HE Chong-xian 2014, 7(7): 419-422.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.009 Abstract ( )   PDF (863KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective    To evaluate the clinical effect of  Opalescence PF in-home tooth whitening system and Beyond whitening accelerator on discolored tooth. Methods    Ninety-six discolored patients were selected randomly and received the bleaching treatment with Opalescence PF in-home tooth whitening system and Beyond whitening accelerator. The tooth color was detected with Vita shade guide before and after the treatment. The sensitivity of  the teeth was recorded after the  treatment by Visual analogue scale（VAS）. The color improvement maintained was assessed in two years. Results    The gereral effective rate was 98% and 100%. The significant effective rate of the tetracycline pigmentation teeth was of significant difference（P < 0.05） between the two groups. The gereral effective rate was 32% and 28.3% after two years. The tooth sensitivity appeared after the treatment and relieved in 6-24 hours. Conclusion    The bleaching effect of Opalescence PF in-home tooth whitening system and Beyond whitening accelerator is good and safe，and can maintain for two years. On the tetracycline pigmentation teeth，Beyond whitening accelerator is better than Opalescence PF in-home tooth whitening system. The two methods are both safe clinically.

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Surface morphology after teeth etched in different age groups by scanning electron microscopy. ZHANG Xiao-fang，DONG Pei，KANG Hong-ying，YAO Ya-peng 2014, 7(7): 423-425.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.010 Abstract ( )   PDF (999KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To observe enamel surface morphology of different age groups after teeth etched，so as to guide the further clinical application and provide theoretical basis for treatment. Methods According to age standard，collect samples and divide them into four groups：the deciduous teeth group（9 to 12 years old），the young permanent teeth group（10 to 14 years old），the youth permanent teeth group（25 to 40 years old），the old age permanent teeth group（more than 60 years old）. Acid etches were used to etch the surfaces of the buccal enamel. Every experiment sample was flushed，fixed，dehydrated，dried and metal sprayed. And the surfaces of ultra-microstructures were observed by scanning electron microscopy（SEM）. Results The enamel surface was rough in the deciduous teeth group；the arrangement of enamel rods were irregularlar. The depressed enamel rods were obviously seen in the young permanent teeth group，the surface of enamel rods were lined up neatly in the youth permanent teeth group，and the depressed enamle rods were not seen. In the old age permanent teeth group the pit and fissure of enamel and the original enamel structure disappeared，and the honeycomb structure were obviously seen. Conclusion The acid resistance and the demineralization of tooth enamel are different in different age groups.

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Survey and analysis of satisfaction among 1296 outpatients of a dental clinic. WU Qing-hua，YANG Shu-jie，LI Gang，WANG Yi，CHANG Tie-ling 2014, 7(7): 426-428.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.011 Abstract ( )   PDF (842KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To investigate and evaluate satisfaction of oral outpatients in dental clinics. Methods A dental clinic of Baoding city was chosen as the investigation site. Cluster survey was used for clinic patients. The "one to one" investigation way was used to complete the questionnaire in immediate answer way. Results The patients of different ages had similar satisfaction with the medical environment，doctors' attitude，medical quality，charge and equipment（P > 0.05）. The patients of different gender or education level had different satisfaction with the medical charge，and the patients with different income had defferent satisfaction with the medical equipment （P < 0.05）. Conclusion The patients have the lowest satisfaction with the medical charge，suggesting that we should improve the management of medical charge so as to improve clinic patient satisfaction.

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Contrastive research of clinical effects between the minimally invasive surgery techniques and traditional technologies for children's embedded supernumerary teeth. YANG Yong 2014, 7(7): 429-431.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.012 Abstract ( )   PDF (844KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To evaluate different clinical effects between the minimally invasive surgery techniques and conventional technologies for children's embedded supernumerary teeth. Methods Totally 184 children with 189 embedded supernumerary teeth were selected from June 2011 to July 2013 in Jiaozuo Coal Central Hospital Department of Stomatology and were randomly divided into tne minimally invasive group and the conventional group. Two groups of children were recorded on operative time，intraoperative complications and surgical conditions of fear，and the wound was observed for 48 h，and tissue swelling and pain were recorded. Results The operative time of the minimally invasive group［（20.6 ± 4.8）min］ was shorter than that of the conventional group ［（25.4 ± 4.2）min］；the rate of fear of surgery which occurred in children（7.4%）was lower than that of the conventional group（83.1%），the differences being statistically significant（P < 0.05）. The occurrence rates of adjacent teeth damage，pain and soft tissue swelling of the minimally invasive group were lower than those of the conventional group，the differences being statistically significant（P < 0.05）. Conclusion Minimally invasive techniques used in children supernumerary teeth unplug surgery can shorten the operation time，reduce the incidence of surgical trauma and complications；meanwhile，it can reduce the occurrence of fear and improve surgical compliance of children.

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Application of acellular dermal matrix in periodontology and its recent research progress. YIN Yan-li*，WANG Qian-ting，ZHAO Lei 2014, 7(7): 434-439.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.014 Abstract ( )   PDF (895KB) ( )   Abstract：Acellular dermal matrix（ADM）is a substitute and restorative material for human dermal tissue in recent years and was firstly used in burn patients. As a kind of natural material in tissue engineering，ADM has excellent histocompatibility and complete three-dimensional meshy scaffolds. Currently，there are a variety of acellular dermal graft products of different modes on the market，which are applied in the clinical treatment of periodontal disease. This review describes the application of ADM in the field of periodontology and its recent research progress.

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Research advances on osseointegration interface of titanium implant and bone in histology. SHAO Lei，ZHAO Bao-Hong 2014, 7(7): 440-445.  DOI: 10.7504/kq.2014.07.015 Abstract ( )   PDF (895KB) ( )   Abstract：With the proposal of the theory of osseointegration and the application of titanium planting materials，the oral implantology has developed by leaps and bounds. Nowadays，the success rate of implants has reached more than ninety-five percent，but clinical failure cases also occasionally happen. The osseointegration need a period of time，therefore，how to promote and accelerate implant osseointegration，shorten treatment cycle，and ensure the stability of implant function is becoming the focus of the scholars' study in recent years. They mainly research the interface of bone and implant in biomechanics and histology through three dimension finite analysis and animal experiment models. According to the research situation，this review will relate mainly in following aspects：the process of osseointegration，the histomorphometry of implant-bone interface and the use of Micro CT in studying the interface.