关键词: 外泌体, 牙周炎, 生物标志物, 诊断, 治疗

Abstract: Exosomes are secreted by a variety of cells in the body and are tiny vesicular structures containing nucleic acids，proteins，and lipids，which are widely present in body fluids. Existing studies have shown that exosomes play a pivotal role in the development，diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis. Microbial and host-derived exosomes can influence the development of periodontitis by regulating the levels of cellular inflammation or the body′s immune responses. Salivary exosomes are easy to collect，abundant and physicochemically stable，containing a variety of microRNAs（miRNAs），proteins and other molecules，which have become a novel biomarker for the diagnosis of periodontitis in recent years. In the treatment of periodontitis，the research in the use of exosomes for repairing alveolar bone defects and promoting the regeneration of dental pulp and dentin is gradually increasing；in addition，exosomes have the potential to be targeted drug carriers. Based on the important function and application value of exosomes，this review provides the research progress on the role of exosomes in the development，clinical diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis，and offers ideas for subsequent research and clinical application.

Key words: exosomes, periodontitis, biomarkers, diagnosis, treatment