关键词: 不利型骨缺损, 骨增量, 帐篷钉技术, 栅栏技术, 空间维持

Abstract: Owing to their unique anatomical and biological limitations，unfavorable bone defects frequently compromise the long-term efficacy of conventional bone augmentation procedures. In recent years，tent-pole and fence techniques have emerged as effective bone augmentation methods. By constructing stable supporting structures and combining them with bone substitute materials，these approaches can maintain the osteogenic space，promote bone tissue regeneration，and achieve satisfactory bone augmentation. The tent-pole technique utilizes screws to support soft tissue and bone substitutes，forming a＂tent-like＂ scaffold suitable for localized defects，whereas the fence technique relies on the mechanical support of titanium plates combined with barrier membranes to establish a stable three-dimensional osteogenic space，making it more appropriate for complex defects. This review systematically expounds the principles，material design，clinical application，and management of complications associated with these two techniques，with the goal of providing references for the rational selection of bone augmentation strategies in clinical practice.

Key words: unfavorable bone defects, bone augmentation, tent-pole technique, fence technique, space maintenance