关键词: 牙槽嵴缺损, 骨增量, 钛网, 分类系统, 生物材料

Abstract: Severe alveolar ridge defect reconstruction is a challenge in oral implant rehabilitation. Individualized bone augmentation strategies based on precise alveolar bone defect classification significantly improve implant outcomes. Current clinical bone augmentation techniques（guided bone regeneration，Onlay bone grafting，titanium mesh，and shell technique）demonstrate distinct advantages for horizontal，vertical，and combined bone defects，with complication management progressively optimized through technological innovation. By integrating the Cawood-Howell classification system with Lekholm-Zarb grading scale，this paper proposes，for the first time，a trinity decision-tree model for bone augmentation therapy based on "three-dimensional bone morphology of bone defect-soft tissue-systemic factors"，and establishes a standardized pathway from diagnosis to treatment，providing a reference for clinical decision. It also puts forward future research directions focusing on technological integration for precise bone augmentation，aiming to promote the development of bone augmentation techniques and improve the long-term outcomes of oral implant rehabilitation.

Key words: alveolar ridge defect, bone augmentation, titanium mesh, classification system, biomaterials