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02 September 2017, Volume 33 Issue 9 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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High risk factors，diagnosis and treatment of interstitial pregnancy：an update PENG Chao，ZHOU Ying-fang 2017, 33(9): 885-888.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2017090102 Abstract ( )   Although interstitial pregnancy accounts for a small part of ectopic pregnancy，it can be life-threating once ruptured.The high risk factors include tubal pathology，pelvic inflammatory diseases or a history of it，and histories of ectopic pregnancy or tubal surgeries.The preoperative diagnosis of interstitial pregnancy mainly depends on ultrasound or MRI，with laparoscopic and hysteroscopic examination being the most direct and decisive diagnosis.Except in a limited number of cases，laparoscopic surgery is currently the choice of treatment with either cornuectomy or cornuostomy.

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Fallopian tubal or ovarian choriocarcinoma misdiagnosed as ectopic pregnancy ZHANG Li-li，ZHANG Shi-qian 2017, 33(9): 888-892.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2017090103 Abstract ( )   Fallopian tubal/ovarian choriocarcinoma is a highly malignant trophoblastic tumor（GTT），due to the secretion of a large number of human chorionic gonadotropin（β-hCG），which can lead to menopause and irregular vaginal bleeding，and is easily misdiagnosed as ectopic pregnancy.If inappropriate intervened，it can easily lead to tumor spread and metastasis or even delay treatment.Therefore，how to carry out differential diagnosis has become the key to treatment.In this paper，the etiology and pathogenesis，clinical manifestation，diagnosis and treatment of tube/ovarian choriocarcinoma，which are misdiagnosed as ectopic pregnancy，are summarized and analyzed，and we wish to provide reference for clinical doctors.

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Sonographic features and diagnosis of unusual ectopic pregnancies XIE Hong-ning，HE Miao 2017, 33(9): 892-896.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2017090104 Abstract ( )   With the popularization and technological progress of transvaginal ultrasound，the early detection rate of common type of ectopic pregnancy（such as fallopian pregnancy） has been greatly improved.However，the morbidity of unusual type of ectopic pregnancy such as cesarean scar pregnancy has increased gradually in recent years，of which the ultrasound image varied a lot，making it the main cause of bleeding rescuing and death in women of child-bearing age.Transvaginal ultrasound remains the primary method in the detection of ectopic pregnancy.This article mainly discusses the sonographic features and diagnostic points of unusual ectopic pregnancy，aiming to attach great importance to unusual ectopic pregnancies and improve its early detection rate，which can help clinicians to make reasonable management and reduce the risk of hemorrhage.

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Diagnosis and treatment of heterotopic pregnancy with coexisting intrauterine pregnancy SUN Xiao-li，LUO Xi-ping 2017, 33(9): 896-900.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2017090105 Abstract ( )   The incidence of heterotopic pregnancy with coexisting intrauterine pregnancy has increased gradually with the widespread use of assisted reproductive technology.Ultrasound examination is the main method of diagnosis.However，radiologists and doctors are prone to miss the diagnosis for the lack of both awareness and typical clinical presentation of heterotopic pregnancy.The main treatment options include conservative treatment and surgical treatment.As most patients wish to keep the intrauterine pregnancy，it is important to take the potential impact on intrauterine pregnancy and the safety of patients into consideration and make individualized treatment plan.

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Principle of dealing with cervical ectopic pregnancy LU An-wei，QIN Juan 2017, 33(9): 900-903.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2017090106 Abstract ( )   Cervical pregnancy is a rare and dangerous form of ectopic pregnancy.Without early diagnosis，fatal vaginal bleeding could happen，and the uterus may have to be removed and even cause death.In this paper，we introduce the cervical pregnancy and discusse the clinical symptoms，diagnosis，management，treatment and other related issues.We introduce the main points of pathogenesis and diagnosis，emphasize the early diagnosis，and discuss the individualized treatment plan and clinical strategy.

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Application of LESS in treatment for ectopic pregnancy SUN Da-wei，ZHANG Ying 2017, 33(9): 903-906.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2017090107 Abstract ( )   Surgical treatment for ectopic pregnancy has been extensively performed laparoscopically.LESS（Laparoendoscopic Single-site Surgery）is an advanced technique in laparoscopic surgery that limits the number of incisions.This article introduces the procedure and instruments of this new technique in surgery for ectopic pregnancy，and also presents our experiences by retrospective analysis in this area.LESS surgery is considered as a feasible operation for ectopic pregnancy and is in accordance with the idea of minimally invasive surgery.It is easy to master for beginner sand can offer a superior cosmetic outcome and a good efficacy.

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Diagnosis and treatment of early abdominal pregnancy LI Yu-hong 2017, 33(9): 906-909.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2017090108 Abstract ( )   Abdominal pregnancy is regarded as a form of an ectopic pregnancy where the embryo or fetus is growing and developing outside the womb in the abdomen，but not in the fallopian tube or ovary or broad ligament.The misdiagnosis and mortality rate of abdominal pregnancy is high，which has a strong impact on maternal and child health.Early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve the prognosis of patients.This article summarized the classification of the abdominal pregnancy，early diagnosis and treatment of abdominal pregnancy.

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Impact of different treatments on the subsequent pregnant outcomes in patients with tubal pregnancy LU Qi 2017, 33(9): 909-912.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2017090109 Abstract ( )   Ectopic pregnancy refers to the implantation of the fertilized egg outside uterine cavity，which accounts for 95% of tubal pregnancy.There are selective treatments for tubal pregnancy，including expectant treatment，pharmacological management，conservative surgery and radical surgery.When the clinicians select the treatment for tubal pregnancy at present，they not only focus on its effectiveness，but also pay more attention to subsequent pregnancy outcome affected by the treatment for ectopic pregnancy.This article summarized the impact of different treatments on the subsequent pregnancy outcomes of patients with tubal pregnancy.

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Expectant management and medical treatment of tubal pregnancy LIN Zhong 2017, 33(9): 912-915.  DOI: 10.19538/j.fk2017090110 Abstract ( )   Tubal pregnancy，the most common ectopic pregnancy，has a increased incidence in recent years.However，the mortality trends to decrease mainly due to early diagnosis and treatment before rupture.Laparoscopic surgery ，and conservative treatment are main methods for treatment of ectopic pregnancy.According to indications，expectant management and medical treatment could obtain good effect and fertility preservation.In this article，expectant management and medical treatment of tubal pregnancy were reviewed.