Abstract: Pediatric rheumatic diseases constitute a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by immune-mediated inflammation，affecting joints，muscles，bones，and multiple organ systems. In recent years，rapid advancements in immunology，genetics，and biotechnology have led to significant progress in the diagnosis，treatment，and long-term management of pediatric rheumatic diseases. This article reviews recent developments in the pathogenesis，precision diagnosis，targeted therapies，and disease management models of pediatric rheumatic diseases and outlines future research directions，aiming to provide references for clinical practice and research.

Key words: pediatric rheumatic diseases, precision medicine, biologics, targeted therapy, artificial intelligence

摘要： 儿童风湿性疾病是一组以免疫介导的炎症为特征的异质性疾病，累及关节、肌肉、骨骼及多系统器官。近年来，随着免疫学、遗传学和生物技术的迅猛发展，儿童风湿性疾病的诊断、治疗及长期管理取得了显著进步。该文将就近几年儿童风湿性疾病的发病机制、精准诊断、靶向治疗及疾病管理模式等方面的进展进行回顾，并对未来研究方向进行展望，旨在为临床实践和研究提供参考。

关键词: 儿童风湿性疾病, 精准医疗, 生物制剂, 靶向治疗, 人工智能