Abstract:

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the most important pathogens causing community-acquired pneumonia in children. About 4%-20% of the M.pneumoniae -associated pneumonia are complicated by pleural effusion. The M.pneumoniae infection can lead to inflamation of pleura through direct damage and indirect injury. The pleural effusion caused by M.pneumoniae can disappear after the treatment with antibiotics and glucocorticoids；thoracentesis can be carried out to deal with large amount of pleural effusion，for which use of chest tube drainage and surgical intervention are rarely used.

Key words: mycoplasma pneumoniae, pleural effusion, diagnosis, treatment

摘要：

肺炎支原体是引起儿童社区获得性肺炎的重要病原之一。4%～20%的支原体肺炎可并发胸腔积液。肺炎支原体感染机体后，通过直接和间接损伤导致胸膜炎症，促进胸腔积液的形成。支原体性胸腔积液多预后良好，经过抗炎及糖皮质激素治疗后积液可吸收。积液量多时可进行胸腔穿刺术，较少需要胸腔闭式引流及外科手术治疗。

关键词: 肺炎支原体, 胸腔积液, 诊断, 治疗