Abstract:

Ridge preservation after tooth extraction is a series of clinical treatments aiming at limiting alveolar bone resorption during or after tooth extraction and stimulating new bone formation in alveolus. Presently，guided tissue regeneration technique is often applied together with guided bone regeneration clinically，combined with techniques such as instant implantation and atraumatic extraction，to reinforce both the rehabilitation of bone tissue and soft tissue as well as their regeneration. This paper primarily discusses the periodontal biological changes after tooth extraction，the concept and methods of ridge preservation，biological material concerned as well as the progress achieved in ridge preservation domain.

Key words: ridge preservation, tooth extraction, bone resorption, alveolar bone, graft materials

摘要：

拔牙位点保存技术是拔牙术中或术后为减少牙槽骨吸收，促进牙槽窝内新骨形成所采取的一系列临床治疗方法。目前临床中多将引导性组织再生术与引导性骨组织再生术联合应用，结合即刻种植、微创拔牙等方法，同时提高骨组织和软组织的修复及再生效果。本文就拔牙后牙周组织的生理变化，位点保存的概念、方法及相关生物材料及其研究进展等进行论述。

关键词: 位点保存, 拔牙, 骨吸收, 牙槽骨, 植骨材料