Abstract:

Parenteral nutrition has become a mainstay in the treatment of critically ill children with intestinal or conditions that preclude enteral feeding. Accurate assessment of nutritional status and energy requirements in critically ill children will help to better implement the strategy of parenteral nutrition. The timing of the optimal parenteral nutrition has not been determined，and at present the supplementary parenteral nutrition tends to be started at a later stage. “All in one” is recommended for parenteral nutrition. Pharmacological nutrients have been recommended in critically ill adult patients with different levels，but more extensive research is still needed in critically ill children.

Key words: critical care, parenteral nutrition, child

摘要：

肠外营养（PN）是危重患儿肠功能衰竭或肠内喂养障碍时的主要营养支持治疗方法。准确评估危重患儿的营养状况及能量需求有助于更好地实施PN策略。最佳的PN时机尚未确定，但目前倾向于晚期开始。“全合一”是推荐的肠外营养模式。在危重成人患者中，已经不同程度地推荐使用药理营养素，但在儿科还须更深入的研究。

关键词: 重症监护, 肠外营养, 儿童