Abstract: Objective　To make clear the therapeutic effect of budesonide inhalation on mild or moderate bronchiolitis. Methods　A multicenter， randomized， controlled clinical trial was conducted. Totally 209 infants with bronchiolitis from 18 pediatric respiratory centers in China were selected and were randomly divided into 3 groups： the control group， the budesonide treatment group 1（0.5 mg /time） and the budesonide treatment group 2（1.0 mg /time）. There was no statistical difference in the basic data of children concerning age，gender，course of disease，WBC count on admission，C-reactive protein（CRP）or severity of disease（P＞0.05）. After treatment， the three groups were given scores regarding the severity of gasping， coughing， wheezing， bubbling rales， and three concave signs. Results　On the first day of treatment，scores were given every 2 hours； on the second day，scores were given every 4 hours； on the 3rd to 7th day， scores were given every 6 hours. There was no significant difference among the three groups in the scores given at each of the above time points（P＞0.05）. Conclusion　Budesonide?inhalation does not effectively reduce the clinical symptom score in children with mild or moderate bronchiolitis.

Key words: atomization inhalation, budesonide, treatment, bronchiolitis, child

摘要： 目的　明确雾化吸入布地奈德对轻、 中度毛细支气管炎的治疗效果。方法　采用多中心、 随机、 对照临床试验方法，于2017年9月至2019年6月对来自国内18个儿科呼吸中心的209例毛细支气管炎婴幼儿患者进行本研究。将209例患儿随机分为3组，分别为对照组、 布地奈德治疗1组（0.5 mg/次）、 布地奈德治疗2组（1.0 mg/次）。各组患儿月龄、 性别、 病程、 入院时白细胞计数、 C反应蛋白（C-reaction protein，CRP）、 病情严重程度等基本资料差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。分组治疗后，从喘息、 咳嗽、 哮鸣音、 水泡音、 三凹征等方面按照严重程度进行评分。结果　在治疗开始第1天，每2 h进行1次评分； 第2天，每4 h进行1次评分； 第3～7天，每6 h进行1次评分，3组患儿在以上各个时间点的病情评分差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论　雾化吸入布地奈德并不能显著降低轻、 中度毛细支气管炎患儿的临床症状评分。

关键词: 雾化吸入, 布地奈德, 治疗, 毛细支气管炎, 儿童