Abstract:

Molecular targeted therapy for locally advanced/metastatic thyroid carcinoma        YANG Wei-wei *，ZHI Jing-tai，ZHENG Xiang-qian. *Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China
Corresponding author：ZHENG Xiang-qian，E-mail：xiangqian_zheng@163.com
Abstract    There is still a lack of effective treatment for radioactive iodine-refractory DTC （RAIR DTC），anaplastic thyroid cancer （ATC） and medullary thyroid cancer （MTC）.Once recurrence and metastasis occur，the patient's life is seriously threatened. With the vigorous development of molecular biology of thyroid cancer，many effective molecular targets have been found. Based on one or more targets，molecular targeted drugs underwent clinical trials for the treatment of thyroid cancer，showing good development and application prospects. Sorafenib，vandetanib，lenvatinib and cabozantinib have been approved by FDA for the treatment of advanced thyroid carcinoma. Other molecular targeting inhibitors，such as axitinib and selumetinib，have passed phase Ⅱ/Ⅲ clinical trials. The emergence of the drugs provides new choices for the treatment of advanced thyroid cancer and advanced MTC. The drugs have many advantages，such as strong specificity，less side effects and good curative effect，having broad prospects in the treatment of thyroid cancer.

Key words: thyroid carcinoma, molecular targeted therapy, tyrosine kinase inhibitors

摘要：

晚期碘难治性甲状腺癌（radioactive iodine-refractory DTC，RAIR DTC）、甲状腺未分化癌和晚期髓样癌目前仍缺少有效治疗方法，一旦发生局部复发或远处转移，严重威胁病人的生命。随着甲状腺癌分子生物学研究的蓬勃发展，许多有效的药物分子作用靶标相继被发现。基于一个或多个靶点研发出分子靶向药物已经完成或正在进行治疗甲状腺癌的临床试验，展现出良好的发展和应用前景。索拉非尼、凡德尼布、乐伐替尼以及卡博替尼已被美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准用于进展期甲状腺癌的治疗；阿西替尼、司美替尼等分子靶向抑制剂已通过Ⅱ/Ⅲ期临床试验，这些药物的出现为晚期甲状腺癌以及进展期髓样癌的治疗提供了全新的选择。这些靶向药物具有特异性强、副反应较小、疗效好等优点，在甲状腺癌的治疗中具有广阔的前景。

关键词: 甲状腺癌, 分子靶向治疗, 酪氨酸激酶抑制剂