Primary hyperparathyroidism: Surgical treatment and evaluation        TIAN Wen*，YAO Jing. *Department of General Surgery，General Hospital of PLA，Beijing 100039，China
Corresponding author：TIAN Wen，E-mail：tianwen301@sina.com
Abstract    With the deeper understanding of parathyroid disease, the clinical diagnosed cases of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) increased gradually. PHPT is the most common cause of hypercalcemia, which result from an autonomous overproduction of parathyroid hormone, and lead to damage of multiple organs and systems including neuromuscular and neuropsychiatric, gastrointestinal, cardiovascular symptoms, joints and soft tissues, bone disease, and kidney stones and nephrocalcinosis. Surgery is an important treatment for PHPT. Accurate targeting of glandular tissue lesion is one of the key to success of surgery. Moreover, only ablating glandular tissue lesion during operation without damaging normal glandular tissue and its blood supply, meanwhile protecting surrounding tissues, especially the recurrent laryngeal nerve, are important.