Advances in the surgical treatment of rectal cancer in patients not suitable for sphincter-preserving operation            WANG Zhen-jun.Department of General Surgery,Beijing Chaoyang Hospital,Capital Medical University,Beijing100020，China
Abstract    Large-scaled clinical studies showed that high CRM positive rate and intraoperative  bowel perforation were important factors causing high local recurrence and lower survival rate in low rectum cancer. So its has been challenged as the golden standard of procedure for rectum cancer. Cylindrical APE/extralevator APE can significantly reduce CRM positive rate and local recurrence rate. Furthermore, with no increasing operative trauma, it becomes a new alternative to traditional APE. This paper also suggests that further research should be carried out to verify the long-term benefit and life quality of this procedure. On the other hand, more attention should be paid to build up the operative guidelines, improve nerve preservation and make individualized operation plan.