Management of nutritional formulas and evaluation of clinical outcomes        WANG Xin-ying. Research Institute of General Surgery, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, People’s Liberation Army, Medical College of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210002,China
Abstract    Nutritional formula, which providing nutritional elements through intravenous or intestinal route, would contain carbohydrates, fats, essential and non-essential amino acids, vitamins, electrolytes, trace elements and water. By comprehending the metabolism characteristics of nutritional substrate and general condition of patients, appropriate nutritional formulas and evaluation should be managed during clinical process, to achieve the purpose of improving nutritional status and clinical outcomes.