Objective:To investigate the prevention and management of nonanastomotic biliary stricture (NABS) after orthotopic liver transplantation. Methods:The clinical data of 516 patients underwent orthotopic liver transplantation from January 2004 to December 2006 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yatsen University were analyzed retrospectively.The incidence and course of NABS after liver transplantation were summarized. Results:NABS occurred in 18 patients (3.5%).Among them,9 patients had biliary strictures at the site of hepatic bile duct bifurcation,and 6 patients had intrahepatic biliary strictures,and 3 patients had multiple extrahepatic and intrahepatic biliary strictures.Eighteen patients with NABS were managed with interventional therapy,endoscopic treatment,RouxenY anastomosis or retransplantation.The shortterm curative rate was 55.6% (10/18).The incidence of NABSrelated retransplantation was 38.9% (7/18),and the NABSrelated mortality was 22.2%(4/18). Conclusion:It is very complicated to manage NABS after liver transplantation.Therefore more attention should be paid to its prevention.The management of NABS mainly includes interventional therapy and surgery,among which interventional therapy is a important treatment.To the patients who failed interventional therapy and surgery, retransplantaiton is indicated.