Objective:To summarize the strategy of diagnosis and the surgical managements of primary retroperitoneal tumor (PRT). Methods:The clinical and pathological data of 60 patients with PRT admitted between June 1995 to June 2005 in the Xuzhou Hospital Affiliated to Southeast University were analyzed retrospectively. Results:The average diameter of tumor was （13.5±6.5）cm.Of the 16 patients with benign tumor,14 (87.5%) patients underwent complete surgical resection.Of the 42 patients with malignant tumor,28 (66.7%) patients underwent complete resection.Two patient with interstitialoma tumor underwent total resection.Twenty cases of malignant tumor underwent resection together with ArHe targeted cryoablation. The 3year survival rate of benign and malignant PRT was 88.3% and 21.6% respectively. Conclusion:Complete resection is the key for the treatment and diagnosis of PRT.ArHe targeted cryoablation is advantageous to get negative incised margin to improve the survival of patients.The survival of the patients is related to surgical treatment and tumor malignant grade.Radiological study is crucial for the diagnosis.