Objective:To conclude the perioperative clinical character and management experience of liver retransplantation (ReTx). Methods:The clinical data of 34 patients undergone liver retransplantation at the liver transplantation center of the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-sen University from January 2004 to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed. The retransplantation indications included biliary complications (18 cases)，recurrence of HCC (6 cases),hepatitis recurrence (6 cases) and hepatic artery complication (4 cases).34 patients received modified piggyback liver transplantation. Results:No patient died during operation.9 patients (26.5%) died in hospital, which was significant higher than that of the first transplantation (6.9%,46/671)(P<0.05).Infection accounted for 55.6%(5/9).There was significant difference of the preoperative infectious rate between retransplantation and primary transplantation group,which was 32.4%(11/34) and 10.88%(72/671) respectively (P<0.05).There was no significant difference of the postoperative infectious rate between retransplantation and primary transplantation group,which was 61.8%(21/34) and 46.3%(311/671) respectively (P>0.05). Conclusion:Infection is the main cause of death in liver retransplantation.Effective perioperative antiinfection treatment and reasonable individual immunosuppression regime refer to liver retransplantation may increase the success rate of liver retransplantion.