Objective:To investigate the rule of mortality risk for breast cancer patients undergoing surgery in China. Methods:We performed a retrospective study of 2214 female unilateral breast cancer patients with complete data undergoing surgery in our hospital in order to conduct survival and mortality risk analysis. Results:Both univariate and multivariate survival analysis indicated that tumor size, axillary nodal status and progesterone receptor (PR) were prognostic factors for overall survival (P<0.05).Annual mortality hazard curve for entire population showed doublepeaked pattern.The analysis according to tumor size and axillary nodal status proved that the doublepeaked pattern was almost completely generated by patients with larger tumors and by N+ patients.While hormone receptor did not change the bimodal pattern of mortality risk,the results showed that it was a timedependent variable. Conclusion:According to the time distribution of mortality hazard, we could formulate novel strategies for postoperative treatment and follow-up, which provides the possibility to improve the therapeutic effect and reduce the mortality hazard.