With the advancement of minimally invasive surgical techniques, robotic hepato-pancreato-biliary surgery (RHPBS) has been increasingly adopted worldwide. Given the complexity of hepato-pancreato-biliary procedures and the substantial heterogeneity among patients, expert panels reviewed 285 related studies and formulated a consensus on indications, safety, training systems, and surgical quality assessment for RHPBS. The consensus highlighted that RHPBS currently remains in the exploratory phase under the IDEAL framework and that factors such as advanced age, obesity, or prior abdominal surgery should not be considered absolute contraindications. RHPBS shows potential advantages in liver and pancreatic resections, particularly in procedures involving vascular reconstruction and biliary-enteric anastomosis. The panel emphasized the need for a standardized training system, emergency preparedness protocols, and a set of normative surgical quality assessment metrics. Furthermore, future research priorities were proposed, including surgical risk assessment and integration of artificial intelligence-assisted systems. While RHPBS demonstrates favorable short-term outcomes and potential cost-effectiveness in selected scenarios, its generalizability in complex surgical indications requires validation through higher-quality evidence.