围手术期急性肾损伤（acute kidney injury，AKI）是外科手术病人最常见的严重并发症之一，是这些病人不良预后的独立危险因素。应用高危因素分层的方法，早期准确识别高危因素病人，采取积极合理有效的预防手段，在围手术期，尤其是术中、术后采取以目标导向为基础的血流动力学优化策略，是降低AKI发生率、病死率，改善预后的有效方法。

Perioperative acute kidney injury：Common causes and management        HU Zhen-jie，LIU Li-xia. Intensive Care Unit，the Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University，Shijiazhuang 050011，China
Corresponding author：HU Zhen-jie，E-mail：syicu@vip.sina.com
Abstract    Acute kidney injury (AKI) is one of the most serious complications during perioperative period, which is strongly and independently associated with poor prognosis. Early and accurate identification of high-risk patients using risk stratification，taking reasonable and efficient measures，such as prophylactic measures and hemodynamic optimization strategy，may be a better way to decrease the morbidity and mortality and to improve the prognosis.