在第二军医大学东方肝胆外科医院近30年期间手术切除的4万余例肝胆肿瘤中，肝脏良性占位性病变（含瘤样病变和良性肿瘤）占17.1%。目前文献报道的肝脏良性占位性病变的组织学类型有60余种，这些肿瘤在临床表现、发病机制、生物学特点、组织学形态和演变趋势等方面各有不同。准确地识别交界性病变或癌前病变、正确地与肝脏恶性肿瘤进行鉴别诊断、科学地制订诊治方案一直是临床病理工作中的重点和难点。为此，应正确地掌握肝脏良性占位性病变的临床病理诊断特点和鉴别诊断要点、合理地组合使用免疫组化和分子病理学等诊断技术方法、科学地评估肿瘤的生物学特性和状态，为临床把握正确的治疗方式、手术时机和随访策略提供有价值的参考依据。

Pathological classification and diagnostic point of hepatic benign space-occupying lesions        CONG Wen-ming. Department of Pathology，Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital，Second Military Medical University，Shanghai 200438，China
Abstract    During the past 30 years，more than 40，000 cases of hepatobiliary tumors have been resected surgically in Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital of Second Military Medical University. Among them, hepatic benign space-occupying lesions (HBSOL)，including tumor-like lesions and benign tumors，accounted for 17.1%. So far，more than 60 kinds of HBSOL have been reported，which show varied clinical manifestations，pathogenesis，biological characteristics，histological features and progression tendency. It is very important but also difficult to accurately identify borderline lesions or precancerous lesions，to correctly differentiate HBSOL with malignant liver tumors，as well as to scientifically formulate treatment program. Therefore，it should correctly grasp the diagnostic criteria and differential diagnostic features of HBSOL，reasonably combine immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology and other diagnostic techniques，scientifically assess the state of tumor biology，in order to provide valuable reference for clinic to correctly grasp the treatment modality，timing of surgery and follow-up visits.