炎症性肠病的急诊手术总是在内科治疗疗效不佳的情况下实施，手术方式由病理诊断和病变累及部位决定。溃疡性结肠炎首选结肠切除或次全切除、回肠造口术。克罗恩病（Crohn's  disease）则由具体病变决定，完成需要急诊处理的完全性梗阻、出血和穿孔等，视病人全身状况决定行肠道双腔造口或一期吻合，术中注意尽可能保留肠管。对未确诊的炎症性肠病则既要尽可能在术中明确诊断，又要尽快处理病灶，主要进行分期手术处理。

Choice and key points of emergency surgical procedure for inflammatory bowel disease        WU Xiao-ting, XIA Lin. Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University，Chengdu 610041，China
Corresponding  author：WU Xiao-ting, E-mail：wxt1@medmail.com.cn
Abstract    Emergency surgery of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is always the implementation in the case of poor efficacy of medical treatment, and the choice of surgical procedure is based on pathological diagnosis of IBD. Generally we prefer colectomy (or subtotal colectomy) with ileostomy for ulcerative colitis. But in Crohn's disease, surgeons need only to deal with the complete obstruction, bleeding and perforation，then perform double barrel enterostomy or intestinal anastomosis depending on the patient's general condition. In the procedures, to retain the intestine is important. In addition，for undiagnosed IBD we should not only to deal with the lesion by staging surgery treatment，but also to confirm the diagnosis in the surgical procedure.