目的    评价乳腔镜腋窝淋巴结清扫术的可行性。方法    选取2008年10月至2010年10月首都医科大学附属复兴医院收治的267例早期乳腺癌病人，对随机选取的134例行乳腔镜腋窝清扫术（MALND组），另133例行传统腋窝清扫术（CALND组），比较两组病人的临床资料。结果    术后随访16～40个月，中位随访30个月。两组手术时间、术中出血量、腋窝引流时间、淋巴结清扫数量、腋窝复发率差异无统计学意义。MALND组腋窝引流总量少、上肢感觉障碍、疼痛及淋巴水肿发生率低，两组比较差异有统计学意义。结论    乳腔镜腋窝清扫术较传统腋窝清扫术在美观、术后并发症、保留患肢功能等方面具有明显优越性。

Randomized controlled trial comparing mastoscopic with traditional axillary lymph node dissection for early breast cancer        ZHANG Jian, LUO Cheng-yu, JI Xiao-xin, et al. Department of General Surgery, the Affiliated Beijing Fu Xing Hospital，Capital University of Medical Science, Beijin 100038, China
Corresponding author: ZHANG Jian, E-mail:zhang698jian@sina.com
Abstract    Objective    To evaluate feasibility of mastoscopic axillary lymph node dissection (MALND) for breast cancer. Methods    Two hundreds and sixty-seven women with early breast cancer admitted between October 2008 and October 2010 in the Affiliated Beijing Fu Xing Hospital，Capital University of Medical Science were randomly assigned to MALND (134 patients) or traditional axillary lymph node dissection (CALND, 133 patients). The clinical data between two groups were compared. Results    The follow-up was 16-40 months. The median time was 30 months. There was no statistical difference in operation time, intraoperative bleeding, axillary drainage time, number of dissected lymph node, subcutaneously fluidity and recurrence of lymph node in the same axillary. MALND had lower volume of axillary drainage, sensation disorders of upper extremity and incidence of lymph edema. There were statistical differences between two groups. Conclusion    MALND has better cosmetic efficiency, lower complications and affected extremity dysfunction than CALND.