消化性溃疡仍是非门静脉高压所致消化道大出血（NVGIB）的主要原因，同时，抗凝药物导致的消化道出血发病率也逐渐上升。由于NVGIB病人呈老龄化趋势，尤其要重视风险评估和器官功能的维护，以挽救生命为最终治疗目标。内镜技术已成为止血措施的首要选择，但对合并器质性病变者，手术切除仍是最终的选择。

Identification and management of non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding        ZHU Wei-ming. Department of General Surgery, Nanjing General Hospital of Nanjing Military Command, Nanjing 210002, China
Abstract    Peptic ulcer is still the main cause of non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding, while the incidence of bleeding from anti-thrombotic treatment is increasing rapidly. Because of the increasing age of the susceptible patients, efforts should be made to the risk stratification and organ protection with the ultimate goal of saving the patients instead of successful hemostasis. Endoscopy is the mainstay of treatment. But for patients with obvious lesions, resection still has its role in the definitive treatment.