应用131I治疗甲状腺疾病已有近70年的历史。手术+131I治疗 +TSH抑制的综合疗法是目前公认的分化型甲状腺癌（differentiated thyroid cancer，DTC）治疗的有效方法，在临床得到了越来越广泛的应用。随着人们对DTC疾病认识的不断深入，DTC 131I治疗的必要性、适应证、临床应用及注意事项等都有了较明确的规范。

The radioiodine therapy for differentiated thyroid cancer        LI Ya-ming. Department of Nuclear Medicine, the First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang 110001, China
Abstract    The radioiodine treatment for thyroid diseases has a history of nearly 70 years. The combined treatment of thyroidectomy, radioiodine therapy and TSH suppression has become the acknowledged effective method for differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC) management, which is playing a more and more important role in the clinical practice. With intensive study of the disease and the accumulation of clinical experience, the further understanding about the necessity, indication, implementation approach, clinical application and instruction of radioiodine treatment for DTC has been gotten.