胆囊癌不易早期诊断，预后差，其发病机制尚不明确。胆囊结石病与胆囊癌的发生具有一定相关性，胆石通过胆囊黏膜的机械性刺激、细菌感染、胆汁中的毒素等因素诱发胆囊黏膜癌变。胆石病相关的易感基因与胆囊癌发生也具有相关性。合理处理胆石病，是预防胆囊癌发生的重要措施。

Gallbladder stones and gallbladder carcinoma        JIANG Zhao-yan, HAN Tian-quan, ZHANG Sheng-dao. Department of Surgery, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Digestive Surgery,Shanghai 200025, China
Corresponding author: HAN Tian-quan, E-mail: digsurgrj@yahoo.com.cn
Abstract    Gallbladder carcinoma is difficult to be early diagnosed leading to poor prognosis. The pathogenesis of gallbladder carcinoma is not clear. Cholelithiasis is shown to be associated with gallbladder carcinoma. Mechanical irritation, bacterial infection, xenobiotic in the bile may induce the carcinogenesis of gallbladder epithelium. Several risk genes associated with gallstone disease are also shown to be related with gallbladder carcinoma. Proper treatment of gallstone disease may provide a protective role in prevention of gallbladder carcinoma.