伴随乳腺癌基础研究的进步，涉及肿瘤化疗、内分泌治疗和靶向药物治疗已经获得共识。作为重要的治疗手段之一，外科手术同样有原则，也存在争议需要讨论。笔者复习文献介绍了包括NSABP试验及NCCN有关的外科治疗指南。并重点针对锁骨上淋巴结活检与清扫的适应证与危险、前哨淋巴结检测的规范方法、乳腺癌手术后上肢淋巴水肿的诊治、乳腺癌肝脏及肺转移灶的外科手术切除现状以及乳腺癌术后即刻重建合并症等问题进行了讨论。

Surgical treatment of breast cancer        LIU Yin-hua, LIU Qian，XU Ling. Department of General Surgery, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China
Corresponding author: LIU Yin-hua, E-mail：liuyinhua@medmail.com.cn
Abstract    With the progress of study in breast cancer, treatment involving chemotherapy, endocrine therapy and targeted therapy has received consensus. As one of the important treatments, several problems in breast surgery should be noticed. We reviewed related literatures and discussed the supraclavicular lymph node biopsy and dissection, sentinel lymph node biopsy, the treatment of upper limb lymphedema after axillary lymph node dissection, surgery of liver and lung metastases and immediate breast reconstruction after mastectomy of breast cancer.