早期直肠癌的内镜下切除存在一定的争议，文章就内镜下切除技术的发展、适应证、操作方法及在中低位直肠肿瘤中的应用做一综述。重点介绍了内镜黏膜下剥离术（ESD）的器械、技术要点、术后处理和疗效评价。

Endoscopic submucosal dissection in the trearment of lower rectal tumor YAO Li-qing, ZHONG Yun-shi. Endoscopic Center, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032,China Corresponding author: ZHONG Yun-shi, E-mail:zhongamy2002@126.com Abstract There were disputations of local resection of rectal cancer, in this article we reviewed the development, intradiction, methods of endoscopic resection and the value in the treatment of lower rectal tumor，especially focused on endoscopic submucosa dissection, including instrument, methods, postoperative treatment and effect.