青少年肥胖病人常伴有心理问题，且治疗依从性较低，故减重代谢手术的围手术期管理应融入持续的心理行为干预，并构建系统化、终生化的术后随访体系。通过认知行为疗法、家庭参与式心理干预、正念减压法、虚拟现实（VR）辅助治疗等方式可提升青少年肥胖病人的心理健康水平和治疗依从性。术后随访管理须重点关注营养和生长发育情况等，利用远程医疗、智能穿戴设备等技术手段，结合多维度激励策略，可有效提升随访依从性，降低体重反弹和营养缺乏等风险。青少年减重代谢手术的围手术期管理向多学科协作、综合干预及精准个体化方向发展，为青少年肥胖病人提供更安全、有效且全面的减重外科治疗。
Abstract
Adolescents with obesity often have psychological problems and lower treatment adherence, so perioperative management needs to incorporate continuous psychological and behavioral interventions and build a systematic and lifelong postoperative follow-up system. Techniques such as cognitive-behavioral therapy, family-involved psychological interventions, mindfulness-based stress reduction, and virtual reality (VR)-assisted treatments can improve the psychological health and treatment adherence of adolescents with obesity. Postoperative follow-up management should focus on nutritional status and growth and development. Using telemedicine, smart wearable devices, and other technological means, combined with multidimensional incentive strategies, can effectively enhance follow-up adherence and reduce the risks of weight regain and nutritional deficiencies. The perioperative management of adolescent bariatric surgery needs to move towards multidisciplinary collaboration, comprehensive intervention, and precise individualization to provide safer, more effective, and more comprehensive bariatric surgical treatment for adolescents with obesity.
关键词
青少年 /
肥胖症 /
减重代谢手术 /
围手术期管理 /
多学科综合治疗协作组
Key words
adolescent /
obesity /
metabolic and bariatric surgery /
perioperative management /
multidisciplinary team
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