关键词: 肝细胞癌, 系统治疗, 免疫治疗, 靶向治疗, 联合治疗

Abstract: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)is a common malignant tumor in China. The treatment of advanced HCC usually relies on systemic therapy. Immunotherapy combined with target therapy (combination therapy as short)shows significant advantages in advanced HCC treatment. Several regimens have passed phase Ⅲ trials and are widely used in real-world treatment. There are currently some bottlenecks in combination therapy for advanced HCC, such as the rising standard of clinical trials, the gap between trail design and clinical application, the increase in adverse events caused by target-immune synergization, the relatively high incidence of treatment resistance, and the high risk or lack of evidence of combination therapy in certain patient groups. To overcome these bottlenecks, possible means include finding new potential therapeutic targets, achieving precise patient selection through etiology and biomarkers, better understanding and managing the adverse events brought by the target-immune synergization, and further exploring the usage of combined or sequential therapeutic regimens. Multidisciplinary and multi-center cooperation will improve the theoretical and clinical experience of the combination therapy, and bring greater survival benefits to patients with advanced HCC.

Key words: hepatocellular carcinoma, systemic therapy, immunotherapy, target therapy, combination therapy