关键词: 精准外科, 胆囊癌, 转化治疗, 辅助治疗, 综合治疗, 免疫治疗, 靶向治疗, 化学治疗

Abstract: The application of precision surgery in the treatment of gallbladder cancer        DONG Jia-hong, XIANG Can-hong, BAI Zhi-qing. Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
Corresponding author: DONG Jia-hong, E- mail:dongjiahong@
mail.tsinghua.edu.cn
Abstract    Gallbladder cancer has the highest malignancy and worst prognosis as one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system. Currently, there are still many uncertainties within the field of gallbladder cancer, including how to determine the invasive metastatic range and micrometastases, boundaries of surgical resection, non-surgical treatment options, and elective timing, all of which have to be optimized through the conceptualization and practice of precision surgery. Precision surgery refers to the achievement of balance between precise decision-making, precise application of appropriate intervention methods, and three key elements of lesion clearance, organ preservation, and injury control. This is all so that efficient, safe, minimally invasive, multi-objective optimization which maximizes the health benefits for patients can be achieved. Surgeons in the new era should broaden their horizons and carry out a series of clinical practices that promote the integration of surgical techniques, comprehensive treatment, basic medicine, and biomedical engineering with the ultimate goal of maximizing health benefits for patients, in order to zealously promoting the precision treatment of gallbladder cancer.

Key words: precision surgery, gallbladder cancer, conversion therapy, adjuvant therapy, comprehensive treatment, immunotherapy, targeted therapy, chemotherapy