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15 February 2014, Volume 7 Issue 2 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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The relationship between periodontitis and cardio cerebrovascular disease in geratic people. SUN Xiao-ju 2014, 7(2): 65-68.  Abstract ( )   PDF (925KB) ( )   Abstract：Periodontitis is common in geratic people. So many studies show its relationship with systemic disease in the world，especially the association between periodontitis and cardio cerebrovascular disease. This article summarize the current studies about mechanism of periodontitis and cardio-cerebrovascular disease.

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Risk assessment and management for older adults with hypertension in dental settings. CHEN Xi*，YUAN Dong 2014, 7(2): 68-73.  Abstract ( )   PDF (931KB) ( )   Abstract：Hypertension（HTN）is commonly seen in geriatric patients. Uncontrolled HTN，HTN related complications and antihyperntentive medications may affect patient’oral health and dental treatment. Epinephrine overdoes，poor stress management and inadequate perioperative pain control can also elevate blood pressure and heart rate，increase cardiac load，interrupt homeostasis and raise the risk of stroke， myocardial infarction，acute congestive heart failure and other cardiovascular complications during dental treatment. This article reviewed HTN and its impacts on dental management and discussed the treatment planning issues for older adults in dental offices. It aims to help dental professionals better manage hypertensive patients and minimize the risk of systemic complications during dental treatment.

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Establishment and analysis of clinical pathway of pulpal and periapical diseases in elderly patients in dental hospital. GUO Bin*，WANG Bo，LV Yan 2014, 7(2): 74-81.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1020KB) ( )   Abstract：Clinical pathway is a health care management model which is proved to be qualified and efficient.When involved in the diagnosis and treatment of pulpal and periapical diseases in elderly patients in dental hospital，clinical pathway would make the process follow a diagnosis and treatment plan with strict working order and exact schedule.In this way， it could standardize the prevention and control of diseases，reduce the delay of recovery，and cut down the waste of medical resources，which have foreseeable wide prospect.This article recommends the way to establish and analyze clinical pathway of pulpal and periapical diseases in elderly patients in dental hospital，and then promote the popularization of the clinical standard.

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Clinical application of ceramic inlay in tooth restoration. TIAN Yu，LI Na，YU Qing，LU Hong，ZHANG Ya-qing 2014, 7(2): 81-84.  Abstract ( )   PDF (908KB) ( )   Abstract：Ceramic inlay is a kind of dental restorations，which is embedded inside to restore the morphology and function of decayed tooth. With the development of ceramic materials，bonding techniques and new technology，issues of amalgam safety were given much doubt，whereas the ceramic with good biocompatibility，aesthetic effect，corrosion resistance and adjacency relations had led to the wide use of all ceramic inlays in dental restoration. Clinical studies have been carried out with various evaluation techniques to assess the clinical performance of all-ceramic inlays. The major problems associated with ceramic inlay therapy appear to be fracture，hypersensitivity，degree of fit，maintenance of marginal integrity，microleakage，bond failures and cement wear. However，when compared with other forms of aesthetic intra-coronal restorations，ceramic inlays work well.

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The application prospect of non-surgical periodontal treatment with an Nd∶YAG laser for the elderly periodontitis. XIANG Xue-rong，YAN Ying，YANG Mei 2014, 7(2): 85-88.  Abstract ( )   PDF (909KB) ( )   Abstract：Along with our country entering an aging society，how to improve life equality of the elderly is a problem for us. Chronic periodontitis is so widespread in the elderly. It not only affects chewing，but also affects the digestion，especially the body's nutitional intake. The elderly usually have a lot of systemic diseases，and both the function indicators and immunity ability decreased. Nowadays，the periodontal treatment techniques，such as subgingival scaling and root planning、the surgical treatment，drug treatment，always have some deficiencies，when used in elderly periodontitis patients. Considering the elderly tolerance ability of complex treatment，we always choose non-surgical periodontal treatment. At present the Nd∶YAG laser has been widely used in periodontal therapy. This article will report on characteristics of the elderly periodontitis，non-surgical periodontal treatment technologies，and the advantages of Nd∶YAG laser in the periodontal treatment，so as to provide theoretical basis for Nd∶YAG laser treatment for periodontitis in elderly peoper.

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Local anesthesia strategies in endodontic treatment. GUO Jia-jie，QIU Li-hong 2014, 7(2): 89-92.  Abstract ( )   PDF (901KB) ( )   Abstract：During treatment of pulp and periapical disease，the effective local anesthesia strategies are not only important methods to reduce pain，but also basic protections to ensure successful treatment smoothly. This article provided comprehensive introductions related to the local anesthesia strategies in endodontic treatment，and gave some advice about the selection of local anesthesia methods as well as local anesthetics.

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Analysis of the relationship between diabetes mellitus and oral lichen planus. ZHUANG Gen-ying*，YAO Ya-nan，LV Zhe 2014, 7(2): 96-101.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1856KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To assess the associations between diabetes mellitus and oral lichen planus. Methods Retrieve the relevant literature from domestic and international databases and divide them into A，B groups. Group A consisted of literature about the prevalence of diabetes mellitus（DM）in patients with oral lichen planus（OLP）and group B consisted of literature about the prevalence of oral lichen planus in patients with diabetes mellitus. Meta-analysis of group A and B data was performed to estimate the pooled odds ratio（OR）and 95% confidence intervals（CIs）to evaluate the relationship between OLP and DM，respectively. Results A total of 15 case-control studies were included，among which 8 studies belonged to group A，and the others belonged to group B. There were 1123 OLP patients and 1292 controls in group A. The prevalence of DM was significantly higher in patients with OLP than in controls，with a resulting pooled OR of 1.83 （95% CI = 1.24 to 2.69；P < 0.001）. There were 3652 OLP patients and 2618 controls in group B. The prevalence of OLP was significantly higher in patients with DM than in controls，with a resulting pooled OR of 2.25（95% CI = 1.34 to 3.78；P < 0.001）. Conclusion Oral lichen planus has significant association with diabetes mellitus. It’s important to be concerned about DM conditions in patients with OLP. Regular oral examination is also needed for patients with DM.

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A short-term clinical evaluation of crown-root ratios in single implant-supported restorations. SHANG Ya-wei，HE Jing，ZHAO Bao-hong，DENG Chun-fu，ZHANG Chong，SHANG De-hao，WANG Dan-ning 2014, 7(2): 101-104.  Abstract ( )   PDF (928KB) ( )   Abstract： Objective To evaluate short-term clinical effects of the different crown-root ratios in single implant-supported restorations. Methods Choose a total of 172 single implant-supported restorations of 152 patients from January 2006 to Decemeber 2010，in Center of Implant Dentistry，School of Stomatology of China Medical University.Calculate the implant crown root ratios（crown-root ratio，CRR），which were divided into two groups，with CRR≤1 and 1＜CRR＜2.The five-year cumulative survival rates of two groups implants were counted and the numerical values of bone resorption around the implants were measured in three months，one year and two years after the restorations accomplished. Results A total of 5 implants from 172 implants of 5 patients failed，the five-year cumulative survival rates of two groups implants were 96.52% and 93.27%，respectively，which had no significant difference（P＞0.05）；the numerical values of bone resorption around the implants of two groups measured in three months，one year and two years after the restorations accomplished had no significant difference（P＞0.05）. Conclusion The five-year cumulative survival rates of implants，and the numerical values of bone resorption around the implants of the different crown-root ratios in single implant-supported restorations have no significant effect. The short-term clinical effects of crown-root ratios（CRR≤1 and 1＜CRR＜2）in single implant-supported restorations are good .

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The path of endodontic access to mandibular permanent incisors：an in vitro study. WANG Jun*，LIU Qing-mei，CHENG Jue，YANG Ji-liang 2014, 7(2): 105-108.  Abstract ( )   PDF (955KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To locate the ideal position of straight-line endodontic access opening to mandibular incisors and evaluate the influence of different access opening on the curvature degree of endodontic instruments. Methods Self-control was designed in the research. Totally 82 extracted mandibular permanent incisors were opened to pulp with labial access after traditional lingual access，then stainless K file was inserted separately from lingual and labial to radiograph from proximalview and digital films obtained. Then two indexes between labial access group and traditional lingual access group about canal access angle（CAA）and angle of curvature（AOC）were compared，and the ideal endodontic access was located when the K file was straight in the root canal. Results The ideal endodontic access to the mandibular incisors was mainly located at the incisal edge in 73.17%，whereas at the labial side in 25.61% and at the lingual side only in 1.22%.The angles of the same teeth about CAA and AOC with labial access opening were both lower than those with lingual access opening（P < 0.05）. Conclusion It is recommended in the root canal therapy for mandibular incisor that using labial even incisal margin access opening can lower the curvature of instrument in the root canal，and make the therapy easier.

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Changes in life quality and their relation to cephalometric changes in orthognathic surgery patients. SHANG Ying-nan，LI Shuang 2014, 7(2): 109-112.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1040KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To evaluate correlations between presurgical and postsurgical changes in quality of life and cephalometric hard and soft tissue changes in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery. Methods The study sample consisted of 28 cases of Class III malocclusion undergoing orthognathic surgery. Presurgical and postsurgical cephalograms were traced and Oral Health Impact Profile（OHIP）questionnaires were completed. Each questionnaire consisted of 14 items designed to evaluate functional， physical，psychological，and social impacts. Results Significant correlations between significant presurgical-to-postsurgical changes in individual items and OHIP parameters were found between labiomental angle（LA），Nasolabia angle（NA）and question 5 and question 6. Reduction LA and multiplication NA led to a significant decrease in the impact scores of items covering psychological discomfort，while reduced facial convexity led to increaseed impact scores. Conclusion Formulation of orthognathic operation plan should take soft and hard tissue changes of oral health and quality of life before and after the operation as an important consideration. Knowledge of postoperative changes of facial prominence in advance can help patients to adapt more quickly and improve the quality of life.

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Flexural strength of Y-TZP all-ceramic crowns and precious metal ceramic restorations. LUO Yu-ling，HUANG Wei，ZHANG Qiang 2014, 7(2): 113-115.  Abstract ( )   PDF (931KB) ( )   Abstract：Objective To compare the flexural strength of Y-TZP all-ceramic crowns and two other different precious metals porcelain crowns. Methods Fifteen master tooth analogs were prepared resembling a molar crown preparation using the precision lathe and were divided into 3 groups.Five wax patterns were made from the mold and cast in a Au-Pd alloy，from which five Au-Pd metal-ceramic crowns were fabricated. Another 5 high-noble alloy metal-ceramic crowns and 5 ZrO2 all-ceramic were made from the same metal die.Each crown group were made in accordance with the specific manufacture’s instructions.All specimens were cemented on the analogs.Their fracture resistance was tested in a universal machine.A stainless steel rod with a 5-mm diameter stainless-steel ball was vertically placed on the occlusal surface of the crowns and at a speed of 0.5mm/min.Fracture was de?ned as occurrence of chipping.The loads at fracture were registered，and differences between the groups were calculated using One-way ANOVA. Results Au-Pd（3.932 ± 0.27）kN；Au（2.280 ± 0.20）kN；ZrO2（2.08 ± 0.18）kN. Significant differences in flexural strength between Au-Pd and other two groups were observed（P < 0.05），while there was no significant difference between the ZrO2 and high-noble group（P > 0.05）.Conclusion Au-Pd group shows significantly greater flexural strength than high-noble and ZrO2 ceramic restorations（P < 0.05），while there's no significant difference between the ZrO2 and high-noble（P > 0.05）.

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Keywords：immediate implant；guided bone regeneration，GBR；severe periodontitis 2014, 7(2): 116-117.  Abstract ( )   PDF (1383KB) ( )

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Keywords：Angle class Ⅱ1s；bite place；transpalatal arch；anchorage；deepbite 2014, 7(2): 118-119.  Abstract ( )   PDF (855KB) ( )

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Research progress of the lingual orthodontics in the orthodontic clinic. LI Kai*，LIU Lin 2014, 7(2): 120-124.  Abstract ( )   PDF (890KB) ( )   Abstract：With the increase of the adult orthodontic patients，esthetic concern has grown considerably during the orthodontic treatment. So，some “invisible” technologies rapidly develop and popularize in the orthodontic clinic，such as，Lingual orthodontics，the bracketless invisible aligner technique，and so on. With the multidisciplinary development of the material science，biomechanics and so on，the lingual orthodontics has been gradually mature and widely used as a high effective and esthetic technology. This paper reviewed the development，composition，merits and drawbacks，clinical operation，biomechanics and the prospect of development of the lingual orthodontics.

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Research progress of layered ceramic Ti3SiC2. AN Na，LIU Yi 2014, 7(2): 125-128.  Abstract ( )   PDF (958KB) ( )   Abstract： Ti3SiC2 is a machinable ceramic material with excellent properties. It has the merits of both metals and ceramic，such as good electricity and heat conductivity，good machinability，high oxidation and chemical corrosion resistance，good thermal shock resistance，high temperature stability，good plastic deformation and self-lubrication abilities. This paper summarizes the structure，preparation method，properties and application of Ti3SiC2.