Abstract: Both short（≤6-18 months）and long（＞60 months）interpregnancy interval（IPI）correlates with adverse maternal and fetal outcomes.In fetal outcome，short IPI increases the incidence of preterm birth，low birth weight and small for gestational age.In maternal outcome，long IPI increases the incidence of preeclampsia，short IPI increases the incidence of uterine rupture during trial of labor after previous cesarean section.Considering IPI is a potentially modifiable factor.It is recommended to advise the optimal interpregnancy interval in pregnant women individually after delivery in order to improve next pregnancy outcome.

Key words: interpregnancy interval, maternal outcome, fetal outcome, preterm birth, preeclampsia

摘要： 短妊娠间隔（≤6~18个月）和长妊娠间隔（＞60个月）与不良妊娠结局相关。在围产儿结局方面：短妊娠间隔和长妊娠间隔均与早产、低出生体重儿、小于胎龄儿的发生风险增加有关；在母体结局方面：长妊娠间隔增加了子痫前期的发生风险，短妊娠间隔增加了瘢痕子宫阴道试产子宫破裂的发生风险。考虑到妊娠间隔是一个可控因素，产后应个性化指导每名产妇的最佳妊娠间隔，优化下次妊娠结局。

关键词: 妊娠间隔, 母体结局, 胎儿结局, 早产, 子痫前期