Transcranial direct current stimulation（tDCS）is a non-invasive brain stimulation technology that has developed rapidly in recent years. It has been widely used in adults and achieved good effects，and its application in children’s neurodevelopmental diseases has also increased.Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）is the most common neurodevelopmental disorder，which has a serious impact on academic，life and social life of the child patients. tDCS can improve core symptoms and executive function deficits in children with ADHD and bring long-term effects by inducing neuroplasticity.This article reviews the principles，efficacy，and influencing factors of tDCS in the treatment of ADHD，providing reference for clinical application and technological advancements.

attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, transcranial direct current stimulation, children and adolescents, efficacy

经颅直流电刺激（tDCS）是近年来发展迅速的一项非侵入性脑刺激技术，已广泛应用于成人且疗效良好，在儿童神经发育疾病中的应用也日益增多。注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）是最常见的神经发育障碍疾病，对患儿学业、生活和社会交往造成严重影响。tDCS 能改善 ADHD 核心症状和执行功能缺陷，并通过诱导神经可塑性带来长期疗效。文章综述了 tDCS 治疗 ADHD 的原理、疗效及影响因素，为临床应用和技术发展提供参考。

注意缺陷多动障碍, 经颅直流电刺激, 儿童青少年, 疗效